<p>The Lake County Courthouse and Sheriffs Residence, located at 601 3rd Avenue in Two Harbors, Lake County in the USA state of Minnesota was built in 1906. In 1888 a two-story brick sheriffs residence and jail was erected with an adjacent Queen Anne style courthouse. A 1904 fire destroyed the courthouse, but the jail and residence remained. The replacement building, designed in the Beaux Arts style by James Allen MacLeod was built of brick and limestone, featuring quoin blocks, stone window surrounds with large keystones, dentil moulding, and four large columns supporting the entry overhang. The courtroom was topped with an open semi-circular dome covered with metallic scaled shakes. In 1945, the dome was enclosed from below. Axel Edward Soderberg was commissioned to paint murals depicting "Law and Justice", commerce, mining, and logging, at a cost of $1,500 in 1905. The jail and residence building were razed in the 1990s.</p><br>
<p>The Mille Lacs County Courthouse, located at 635 2nd Street Southeast in Milaca, Mille Lacs County in the USA state of Minnesota was built in 1923. It was designed by Minneapolis architects Croft & Boerner. The facade consists of Bedford limestone over reinforced concrete. A two-story entrance pavilion is topped with concrete "turnings" on the corners and a carved swag and wreath in the center. The windows are adorned with small balustraded balconies. The interior is finished with terrazzo floors and a Wright-inspired leaded glass skylight over the octagonal atrium. Marble steps rise from the front door to the first level and continue to the second floor. Red wood woodwork is used throughout the building. In 1978 the building was renovated by Johnson and Forberg Associates of Minneapolis.</p><br>
<p>The Aksu River  is a transboundary river in the Xinjiang province in China and Ak-Suu District of Issyk Kul Province of Kyrgyzstan. In Kyrgyzstan it is known as the Saryjaz River . The total length of the river is 282 km, of which 197 km are in Kyrgyzstan. The Aksu River is the only one of the Tarim&#39;s source rivers to run throughout the year.</p><br>
<h2>Course</h2><br>
<p>The river takes its roots at the north west slopes of Kan Tenir mountains in Kyrgyzstan. From here it first runs towards the west, before turning south and breaking through the high mountains and into Xinjiang in the northern parts of the Tarim Basin. At the city of Aksu it meets its main tributary, the Toshkan, which flows in from the west. After the confluence the river continues south and enters the northern edge of the Taklamakan Desert, where it joins the Tarim River.</p><br>
<p>Evgeniko  is a village in the northeastern part of the Evros regional unit in Greece. It is located at the foot of low hills by the side of the river Erythropotamos. Evgeniko is part of the community of Mani within the municipality of Didymoteicho. It is 3.5 km south of Sitochori, 5 km northwest of Mani, 16 km northwest of Didymoteicho and 17 km southwest of Orestiada. Its population was recorded as 85 in the 2011 census.</p><br>
<h2>Population</h2><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Originally, the village was located 2 km north, at the Palaiochoria ("old village") site. Its Ottoman name was Delimosluk (Ντελίμοσλουκ) which was eventually corrupted to Delimis (Ντελίμις). The new village was founded in 1922 and renamed to Delitio (Δελήτιο). Due to the benefaction of the shipping magnate Eugenios Eugenidis, who provided for the village&#39;s water supply, it was later given its current name.</p><br>
<p>Responsible body: Private</p><br>
<p>The Anna Site (22 AD 500) is a prehistoric Plaquemine culture archaeological site located in Adams County, Mississippi 10 mi north of Natchez. It is the type site for the Anna Phase (1200 to 1350 CE) of the Natchez Bluffs Plaquemine culture chronology. It was declared a National Historic Landmark on September 14, 1993.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>The Anna site is located on a bluff above the Mississippi River, about 10 mi north of Natchez, Mississippi. The site consists of eight platform mounds, six of which are situated around a central plaza. The main group of six mounds sits near the bluff, with the largest being Mound 3. It is 50 ft in height and sits directly on the edge of the bluff overlooking the river. A small mound (Mound 4) sits adjacent(northeasterly) to Mound 3, just off the plaza. Excavations of this mound have found evidence of a summit structure. Another small mound (Mound 1) sits in a similar position on the southern side of Mound 3. Mound 2 flanks the plaza in between Mound 1 and Mound 5. Mounds 3, 2 and 5 are situated parallel to the plaza area, but Mound 6 is diagonally positioned. Mound 6 also has remnants of a ramp. Two other mounds (Mounds 7 and 8) are situated to the east and northeast of the main group. Deep ravines surround the mounds, and material, including Mississippian culture pottery, is scattered in the area.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The construction of the Anna Site began c. 1200, corresponding to the beginning of the interaction among various Lower and Middle Mississippi cultures, leading to the formation of the Plaquemine culture. There were minor occupations at the site but the most significant period of occupation at the site starts during the Gordon Phase 1000–1200 of the Coles Creek period (700-1200). Mound construction may have begun during this period but had definitely begun by the succeeding Anna Phase (1200 to 1350) and continued through the Foster Phase (1350-1500) and Emerald Phase (1500 to 1680). This 300-year period saw the transformation of the site into a regionally significant multi-mound center, possibly ruled over by a burgeoning hereditary elite class. The site was occupied until c. 1500.</p><br>
<p>There is no indication that the site was later reoccupied. The site was excavated in 1924 by archaeologists Warren K. Moorehead and Calvin S. Brown. James A. Ford, Jesse D. Jennings and John L. Cotter also worked at the site at different times over the next fifty years. The site was recommended by both Ford and Jennings to the State of Mississippi for purchase and future excavation and as a property for an archaeological museum, but the recommendations were not followed through. Cotter&#39;s 1951 excavations and analysis of the site were important in establishing the phases for the Natchez Bluffs chronology. The Gulf Coast Survey and the Alabama Museum of Natural History conducted joint excavations in 1997 and reaffirmed the previous chronological placement of the site.</p><br>
<p>Auburn is an Antebellum mansion in Duncan Park in Natchez, Mississippi. It was designed and constructed by Levi Weeks in 1812, and was the first building to exhibit Greek Revival order in the town. Its prominent two-story Greek portico served as a model for the subsequent architectural development of local mansions. It was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1974 and a Mississippi Landmark in 1984.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>Auburn is a two-story brick building, with a central core and flanking symmetrical wings. A four-column temple front adorns the center of the block, with modified Ionic columns supporting an entablature and fully pedimented gable. The gable has modillioned cornices and an oval window at its center. The main entrance is set in a segmented-arch opening along with flanking sidelight windows and a transom window above. Sheltered by the temple portico is a second floor balcony, which is accessed via a doorway that is only slightly less elaborate than the main entry.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>In 1811, Lyman Harding, the first Attorney General of Mississippi, hired Levi Weeks, a young self-proclaimed architect, to design and build the mansion. The original building was 60 ft by 45 ft with a two-story portico supported by four columns and includes an unusual floating spiral staircase between the first and second floors. Levi Weeks designed the house to be, in his words, the "most magnificent building in the state."</p><br>
<p>After Harding died in 1820, the building was bought by Dr. Stephen Duncan, who expanded the house to include two symmetrical wings, greatly expanding interior space. Duncan later abandoned the building amidst growing secession tensions just before the American Civil War, and the house was placed in the care of his descendants.</p><br>
<p>The building and 222 acre was sold by the family to the city of Natchez in 1911 and is now a historic house museum in a public park.</p><br>
<p>The Commercial Bank and Bankers House is an unusual combination building, housing both a bank premises and the principal bankers residence, at 206 Main Street and 107 Canal Street in Natchez, Mississippi. Built in 1833, it is a remarkably high-quality and well-preserved example of Greek Revival architecture. It was designated a National Historic Landmark in 1974. The bank portion of the building, used for a time by a Christian Science congregation, is presently vacant, while the house portion is a private residence.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The Commercial Bank and Banker&#39;s House are a single structure that occupies what are now two separate properties. The two parcels form an L shape surrounding an unrelated commercial building at the southern junction of South Canal and Main Streets in downtown Natchez. The bank portion of the building presents its facade to Main Street, while the house presents a facade to South Canal Street, with an intervening front yard. The bank portion is a tall single story in height, with a facade of dressed marble. Its side walls, and those of the house, are finished in stucccoed brick. The bank facade has a Greek Temple projection, with four Ionic columns supporting a full entablature and gabled pediment. The columns are set on a low plinth, with side-facing stairs providing access to the main entrance.</p><br>
<p>The house facade is five bays wide, with a center entrance sheltered by a simpler portico. This one has two Doric columns supporting an detailed entablature, with a wrought iron balcony railing above. The house interior is decorated with almost overscale heavy Greek Revival trim.</p><br>
<p>The Commercial Bank was chartered in 1833, and this unique building was constructed soon afterward.</p><br>
<p>The bank portion of the building has seen a variety of uses over its period of existence, including as a Christian Science center in the 1970s. It presently stands empty. The house portion is a private residence.</p><br>
<p>Village Green, originally named Baldwin Hills Village, is a neighborhood at the foot of Baldwin Hills, within the city of Los Angeles, California. The neighborhood consists of a large condominium complex that is both a Los Angeles Historic-Cultural Monument and a National Historic Landmark.</p><br>
<h2>Geography</h2><br>
<p>Village Green is located between Rodeo Road and Coliseum Street, and between Hauser Blvd. and slightly west of La Brea Avenue, in the northwestern South Los Angeles region. The Baldwin Village neighborhood is just east of Village Green and La Brea Avenue.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<h3>Origin</h3><br>
<p>The Baldwin Hills Village complex was built in 1942 as one of the most ambitiously planned communities in Los Angeles at the time, with 627 apartments grouped in buildings on a very large landscaped site. The Modernist Garden city style complex, which encompassed 627 units, was designed by architect Reginald D. Johnson, consulting architect Clarence S. Stein, with the firm of Wilson, Merill & Alexander, and landscape architect Fred Barlow, Jr. in the "" style. The units seldom have more than two bedrooms, and tend to attract seniors and younger professionals as residents. As one of the first such establishments, the Village Green was also designed with the requirements of car-owners in mind.</p><br>
<h3>Landmark Status</h3><br>
<p>As Baldwin Hills Village, Village Green was declared a Los Angeles Historic-Cultural Monuments in 1977, listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1993, and a National Historic Landmark historic district in 2001.</p><br>
<p>VillageGreen 2006 sm2509.JPG</p><br>
<p>Shamirpet Lake is an artificial lake near Hyderabad, India, it is about 24 kilometers north of Secunderabad. It was built during the Nizam reign.</p><br>
<p>The lake attracts many birds, making it a good birdwatching spot. A resort run by the Government of Telangana is located near the lake. The Outer Ring Road will pass close to the lake.</p><br>
<p>There are many resorts and Private Dhabas around the lake.You can also visit The famous Celebrity Club the 4 star Alankrita Resort and Leonia Resorts are not very far from the lake.Prestigious Institutes like NALSAR University of Law, Institute of Public Enterprise and Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani – Hyderabad Campuses are also situated near the lake.</p><br>
<p>There is a Jawahar Deer Park, which contains many deer, peacocks and different Birds, is also near to the lake. The Deer park is maintained by the Government of Telangana.</p><br>
<p>Many people go there for a picnic or a get together. Many Telugu Films were shot there.</p><br>
<p>The Shamirpet Police takes care of the lake as there were many cases regarding drowning of people in this lake. There are many Warning Boards around the lake erected by the Authorities.</p><br>
<p>Mir Alam Tank is a reservoir in Hyderabad, Telangana, India. It is located to the south of Musi river. It was the primary source of drinking water to Hyderabad before Osman Sagar and Himayat Sagar were built. It is connected to National Highway7 near Palm Valley .</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The tank was named after Mir Alam Bahadur, then Prime Minister (1804 - 1808) of Hyderabad state during the reign of Asaf Jah III, the third Nizam of Hyderabad state. Mir Alam laid the foundation for the tank on 20 July 1804 and it was completed in about two years on 8 June 1806.</p><br>
<h2>Facilities</h2><br>
<p>Nehru Zoological Park lies adjacent to the tank and Telangana Tourism operates boats on the lake, for which one has to enter through the zoo.</p><br>
<p>Proposed HMDA park is developing by Telangana State Govt.</p><br>
<h2>Transport</h2><br>
<p>Mir Alam Tank is serviced by Rajendranagar Bus Depot, Falaknuma Bus Depot and many other Bus Depots, specially Bus Route No. 7Z, 49 from secunderabad Railway station, 94, 95 from KOTHI, 74, 73, 251 from Afzal Gunj and are available every 10 minutes and Nearest MMTS Railway Station is situated at Budvel.</p><br>
<p>Lake Greenwood was formed by a hydroelectric dam built across the Saluda River near Chappells SC. The impoundment was licensed by the Federal Power Commission, predecessor to the current Federal Energy Regulatory Commission , as the Buzzards Roost Project. The project was re-licensed by FERC in 1995. The FERC Project No is P-1267. The lake has 212 mi of shoreline and 11,400 acre. While the waters of Lake Greenwood extend into three counties , Greenwood County actually owns the entire lake bed, having purchased all properties comprising the bed of the lake from farmers along both sides of the rivers in the late 1930s. Funding was provided by loans from the Public Works Administration during the Great Depression. All loans were later repaid in full. The Saluda River, the Reedy River and Rabon Creek come together to feed Lake Greenwood. There is also a local watershed surrounding the basin from which local rain also drains into the reservoir. Water released from Lake Greenwood feeds into the Saluda River at Chappells, which ultimately feeds into Lake Murray.</p><br>
<p>Because the Buzzards Roost Project was formed to provide hydroelectric power to the local area, in direct competition with Duke Power Company, and at significantly lower rates, Duke Power vigorously challenged the project on various legal grounds. However, a ruling by the United States Supreme Court ultimately cleared the way for the project to be built using the federal loans.</p><br>
<p>Greenwood County, via the Greenwood County Electric Power Commission, a special purpose directed created by Act of the S.C. General Assembly, operated the Buzzards Roost Project until the mid-1960s. At that time, Duke Power made an offer to purchase the countys electric distribution network and customer base for $10,000,000, as well as to lease the hydroelectric facility from Greenwood County, for a period of 40 years, at an annual rental of $250,000 per year. Some local residents favored the sale. Others opposed the sale. Articles published in the local Greenwood newspaper, the Index Journal, present a wealth of information about different views of the proposed sale. The S.C. General Assembly ultimately decided to put the matter to a referendum before the voters in Greenwood County. Greenwood state Senator Frances B. Nicholson opposed the sale, and Greenwood state Representative John W. Drummond supported the sale. Drummond simultaneously challenged Nicholson in his bid for re-election to the senate seat. The referendum was passed by the voters, and Drummond defeated Nicholson in the race for the Greenwood senate seat. However, Senator Nicholson, fearing that local officials might spend the purchase money unwisely, had caused a provision to be inserted into the South Carolina Constitution stating that the proceeds from the sale could never be spent, but instead, had to be invested so that Greenwood County could only receive the interest. Section 13 of Article XVII of the S.C. Constitution is unique to the state constitution, and it can only be amended by a statewide vote, among other requirements. In addition, Senator Nicholson added the requirement that Duke Power pay all costs of repairs during the lease as well as pay all costs of re-licensing with FERC in 1985. An additional provision, ironically suggested by an employee of Duke Power, was that all customers of Greenwood County at the time of the sale would continue to keep their existing county power rates forever, unless one of a couple of triggers occurred, at which point the customers would be switched to the Duke power rates. It has been estimated that about 9,000 properties fell under those provisions at the time of the sale. For a period of time, Duke power rates fell below the county power rate, and many owners elected to give up their grandfathered status. However, after the inflationary increases in the cost of electricity in the early 1970s, all customers who were still receiving the old county rate at that time effectively had their rates locked in forever (still subject to a few possible triggers). Duke Power attempted to avoid having to honor that provision of its agreement, but the S.C. Supreme Court rejected all of Dukes arguments. In the early 2000s, it was estimated that approximately 3,000 properties in Greenwood County still had the old county rate for electricity and that the net cost to Duke was approximately $1,000,000 a year in lost profits for those customers.</p><br>
<p>Residential and commercial uses adjoining Lake Greenwood have contributed tremendously to the economic development of this rural area. Lake Greenwood is also used for recreational boating and fishing, and Greenwood County regularly stocks the lake with fish in consultation with the S.C. Department of Natural Resources and the USA Fish and Wildlife Service.</p><br>
<p>See also</p><br>
<p>List of lakes in South Carolina</p><br>
<p>Dunleith is an antebellum mansion at 84 Homochitto Street in Natchez, Mississippi. Built about 1855, it is Mississippi&#39;s only surviving example of a plantation house with a fully encircling colonnade of Greek Revival columns, a form once seen much more frequently than today. Now an inn and conference center, it was designated a National Historic Landmark in 1974. Currently the original horse stable serves as a fine dining establishment with a traditional English pub in the lower levels of the structure</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>The 12 room main house sits on 40 acre along with several outbuildings including a carriage house, a dairy barn, a poultry house, and a three story brick courtyard building that historically would have housed the kitchen, laundry and slave quarters. The main house has a Greek revival design and includes 26 Tuscan columns built of brick and stucco that completely encircle it. There are porches with distinctive wrought iron railings around the entire building on the first and second floor. The first floor includes windows similar to those in Monticello which would roll up to become doorways.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The previous building on this plantation, called Routhland, had been built by Job Routh in the 1790s and passed down to his daughter Mary Routh. When it was struck by lightning and burned down in 1855, her husband, General Charles G. Dahlgren rebuilt, creating the present structure. It was sold for $30,000 in 1858 (equal to $ today) to Alfred Vidal Davis who renamed it Dunleith.</p><br>
<p>The 1957 film, Raintree County was partly filmed at Dunleith, as was a portion of the 1974 version of Tom Sawyer and Huck Finn by Columbia Pictures, and an episode of Promised Land for CBS television in 1998.</p><br>
<p>Dunleith has been a historic house museum offering tours for hotel and restaurant guests as well as a historic inn since 1976. It is currently used as a hotel, restaurant and event venue. The historic inn has 22 guest rooms divided amongst the main house, courtyard and dairy barn buildings. Multiple venue spaces accommodate a variety of purposes, including weddings, conferences, tour groups and reunions. The Castle Restaurant & Pub located in the former carriage house - constructed circa 1790 - serves breakfast, lunch and dinner.</p><br>
<p>Among its notable occupants was John Roy Lynch, born a slave at Tacony Plantation in Louisiana and self-educated, who would go on to become the first African-American Speaker of the House of Representatives in the Mississippi State Legislature and one of the first African-American USA Congressmen. He studied law, authored several articles and books, and would serve in several appointed political and military positions during a long career. After his death in Chicago 1939 at the age of 92, Lynch was buried with military honors in Arlington National Cemetery, due his service as a Congressman and military officer.</p><br>
<p>The Old Mississippi State Capitol, also known as Old Capitol Museum or Old State Capitol, served as the Mississippi statehouse from 1839 until 1903. The old state capitol was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1969. In 1986, the structure was designated a Mississippi Landmark and became a National Historic Landmark in 1990.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<h3>Construction</h3><br>
<p>Although construction was initiated in 1833, there were problems with the architect and substandard materials. The original architect, John Lawrence, was replaced in 1836 by William Nichols, who oversaw completion of the 3-story structure in 1840.</p><br>
<p>The exterior of the building was composed of brick, limestone, and stucco. A copper rotunda dome extended 94 ft above the first floor. Wood was the principal material used for construction of the building&#39;s interior, with the exception of brick partition walls and flagstones on the rotunda floor.</p><br>
<h3>Occupancy</h3><br>
<p>From 1839 until 1903, as Mississippi&#39;s statehouse, the old capitol was the site of several historical legislative events:</p><br>
<p>Passage of the Ordinance of Secession in 1861.</p><br>
<p>Constitutional Convention of 1865.</p><br>
<p>Constitutional Convention of 1868, recognizing African American political rights.</p><br>
<p>Restoration of white rule in 1875.</p><br>
<p>Constitutional Convention of 1890, under which Mississippi is still governed.</p><br>
<p>When construction of a newer state capitol was completed in 1903, the old capitol building was abandoned and remained so until 1916, when it was renovated for state office space.</p><br>
<p>By 1960, all state agencies had vacated the structure and it was again renovated to become the State Historical Museum in 1961.</p><br>
<p>In August 2005, winds from Hurricane Katrina peeled off sections of the old capitol&#39;s copper roof. About 4 weeks later, rain from Hurricane Rita infiltrated the building and damaged ceilings, walls, and ornamentation, as well as historical artifacts. Storm repairs and renovations were completed between 2007 and 2009, and the museum reopened to the public. The Old Capitol Museum is administered by the Mississippi Department of Archives and History.</p><br>
<p>The John Sullivan House is a historic house at 23 Newmarket Street in Durham, New Hampshire. A National Historic Landmark, it was the home of American Revolutionary War General John Sullivan , who later became President  of New Hampshire.</p><br>
<p>The house is a two-story L-shaped wood frame Georgian structure, with a central chimney and a gable roof. It was built sometime between 1729 and 1741 by Dr. Samuel Adams, and is located in the oldest portion of Durham, now a historic district. The main block is 38 ft wide and 28 ft deep, with an ell extending from its southwest rear that is 26 ft by 13 ft. The front entry, centered on the main facade, is sheltered by a portico that is an early 20th-century addition. The interior of the main block has three rooms separated by a short central hallway. The room to the left served historically as Sullivan&#39;s library, and while on the right are the parlor with the dining room behind. The ell contains the kitchen and a service stair. There are three bedrooms on the second floor, and one in the attic. There is much original woodwork dating to the 18th century.</p><br>
<p>John Sullivan was born in nearby Somersworth, and studied law. He settled in Durham to practice law in 1763, and purchased this house in 1763. It served as his home for the rest of his life, and is buried in the family cemetery nearby. Sullivan was a vocal opponent of British rule in the colonies, and was elected to the First Continental Congress in 1774. In December of that year he led a raid on Fort William and Mary in which the colonial militia seized munitions stored there. He was appointed a brigadier general in the Continental Army in 1775, and served through the American Revolutionary War. He participated in the Siege of Boston, and was captured by the British in the 1776 Battle of Long Island. After being exchanged, he served in the Battle of Trenton, the Philadelphia campaign of 1777, the failed attempt to recapture Newport, Rhode Island, and the 1779 Sullivan Expedition, in which the Iroquois, who had largely sided with the British, were driven from upstate New York. Sullivan&#39;s actions and barbed personality made him enemies in Congress, and he resigned from the army late in 1779. He returned to New Hampshire, where he served as Attorney General 1782-86, and as President (the office now known as Governor) 1787-89. He chaired the state convention that ratified the United States Constitution.</p><br>
<p>The house was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1972. It is a private residence, and is not normally open to the public.</p><br>
<p>Lower Saranac Lake is one of three connected lakes, part of the Saranac River, near the village of Saranac Lake in the Adirondacks in northern New York. With Middle Saranac Lake and Upper Saranac Lake, a 17 mi paddle with only one portage is possible. The Saranac Lake Islands Public Campground provides 87 campsites on inlands in Lower and Middle Saranac Lake. In addition to the Saranac River, it is fed by nearby Lake Colby, Fish Creek, and Lilly Pad Pond. Lower Saranac Lake is located in the town of Harrietstown, New York. The lake, along with both Upper and Middle Saranac Lakes, is also part of the 740-mile Northern Forest Canoe Trail, which begins in Old Forge, NY and ends in Fort Kent, ME.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Prior to the development of railroads and the automobile, the Saranac Lakes formed part of an important transportation route in the Adirondacks; one could travel 140 mi across, from Old Forge to Lake Champlain, almost entirely on water. In 1849, William F. Martin built one of the first hotels in the Adirondacks— the "Saranac Lake House", known simply as "Martins"— on the northeast shore of Lower Saranac Lake. Martins, with room for 80 guests, became a favorite place for hunters, woodsmen, and socialites to meet and interact; a young Theodore Roosevelt was among the guests, and the members of the famous "Philosophers Camp" on Follensby Pond (including poets Ralph Waldo Emerson and James Russell Lowell and scientist Louis Agassiz) found their guides at Martins. The publication of William H. H. Murrays Adventures in the Wilderness; Or Camp-Life in the Adirondacks in 1869, containing a favorable review of Martins, started a flood of tourists to the area, leading to a rash of hotel building and the development of stage coach lines. In 1892, Dr. William Seward Webbs Mohawk and Malone Railway reached the village of Saranac Lake; it dramatically reduced travel time from major east coast cities to the Adirondacks, and had a major impact on the hotel and the area. In 1870, the hotel&#39;s capacity was doubled. In 1880, Martin lost the hotel through foreclosure. The new owner promptly remodeled and increased capacity to 250 guests. In 1888, it underwent its final renovations, but in 1894, it burned to the ground.</p><br>
<p>In 1884, a new hotel was built half a mile southeast of Martins. Known originally as Alexander&#39;s or the Alexander House, with a capacity for one hundred guests, in 1890, it changed hands and was renamed The Algonquin. It quickly established a reputation for luxury, modern technology, and fine cuisine, and the capacity was soon raised to 150. In 1914, the hotel was leased to a firm that tried using it as a tuberculosis sanatorium, an innovation that failed the first year. Although it resumed operation as a hotel, it never did well again, changing hands several times, ultimately becoming the property of Edmond Guggenheim, who owned property nearby; he donated it to the Trudeau Institute, which replaced the structure with their present building in the late 1950s.</p><br>
<p>In 1888, a third hotel was built at the northern end of the lake, this on the western shore of Ampersand bay, the Hotel Ampersand. Originally conceived as a year-round health resort, banking on Saranac Lake&#39;s reputation for the treatment of tuberculosis, instead it found its best clientele to be healthy summer vacationers. The largest and most fashionable of the three hotels, it was dubbed the Saratoga of Lower Saranac Lake. It was saved from the slow decline of its neighbors by a spectacular fire in 1907. It was never rebuilt.</p><br>
<p>As the state owned much of the shoreline of Lower Saranac Lake, there is much less development there than on Upper Saranac Lake. One notable property is the Knollwood Club, built in 1899-1900 by local architect William L. Coulter for six friends, including Louis Marshall and Daniel Guggenheim. Louis Marshall&#39;s sons wilderness activist Bob Marshall and conservationist George Marshall spent the summers of their youth there, and Albert Einstein was a frequent summer visitor; he was at Knollwood on August 6, 1945 when he heard on the radio that that atom bomb had been dropped on Hiroshima. Einstein enjoyed sailing on the lake, and on occasion needed to be rescued by local residents after capsizing.</p><br>
<p>Middle Saranac Lake, also called Round Lake, is the smallest of three connected lakes, part of the Saranac River, near the village of Saranac Lake in the Adirondacks in northern New York. Two-thirds of its shoreline is state-owned. The lake is located in the towns of Harrietstown and Santa Clara, in Franklin County.</p><br>
<p>With Upper Saranac Lake and Lower Saranac Lake, a 17-mile paddle with only one portage is possible. Weller Pond, made famous by Martha Reben&#39;s The Healing Woods, can be reached via an outlet of Hungry Bay on the north shore. The Saranac Lake Islands Public Campground provides 87 campsites on Middle and Lower Saranac Lake. The lake, along with both Upper and Lower Saranac Lakes, is also part of the 740-mile Northern Forest Canoe Trail, which begins in Old Forge, NY and ends in Fort Kent, ME.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Prior to the development of railroads and the automobile, the Saranac Lakes formed part of an important transportation route in the Adirondacks; one could travel 140 miles across, from Old Forge to Lake Champlain, almost entirely on water.</p><br>
<p>Upper Saranac Lake is one of three connected lakes, part of the Saranac River, in the towns of Santa Clara and Harrietstown, near the village of Saranac Lake in the Adirondacks in northern New York. Upper Saranac Lake is the sixth largest lake in the Adirondacks. With Middle Saranac Lake and Lower Saranac Lake, a 17 mi paddle with only one carry is possible. There are 20 primitive campsites accessible by boat available on a first-come basis.</p><br>
<p>The 37 miles of shoreline is 54 percent privately owned, and much of it is lined with "camps", ranging from true Great Camps to small weekend cottages. The lake, along with both Middle and Lower Saranac Lakes, is also part of the 740-mile Northern Forest Canoe Trail, which begins in Old Forge, NY and ends in Fort Kent, ME.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Prior to the development of railroads and the automobile, the Saranac Lakes formed part of an important transportation route in the Adirondacks; one could travel 140 mi across, from Old Forge to Lake Champlain, almost entirely on water. The earliest settlement on the lake was built at the south end to serve sportsmen: the Rustic Lodge, built by Jessie Corey on Indian Carry, about 1850, was a simple hostelry offering room, board, and guides for hunting and fishing. Bartletts, built soon after at the site of Bartlett Carry was similar. Bartletts Carry enabled sportsmen to get from the Upper to the Middle Saranac Lake, while the Indian Carry crossed from Upper Saranac Lake to Stony Creek Ponds and onto the Raquette River.</p><br>
<p>In 1889, the Wawbeek Lodge (also known as the Hotel Wawbeek) was opened on the southwest shore, 1.5 mi north of the southern end of the lake, at the historic Sweeney Carry, another portage route to the Raquette. Guests could choose between luxurious hotel rooms, cottages or carpeted platform tents along the shore. Despite its scenic location and lavish appointments, it closed in 1914, a victim of high operating costs and a trend toward shorter hotel stays and increasing private camp and cottage ownership. It was demolished for salvage. In 1922, a much smaller hotel was built on the site which operated until just after the 1980 Winter Olympics. A third hotel complex was established using the buildings of the Great Camp adjacent to the hotel property; it is no longer open to the public, and the buildings, designed by William L. Coulter, have been torn down.</p><br>
<p>The northern end of the lake was the site of the Saranac Inn, built in 1864, continued in operation until 1962; it burned in 1978. At its peak, it accommodated up to a thousand guests, and was frequented by US Presidents Grover Cleveland and Chester A. Arthur, and New York Governor Charles Evans Hughes.</p><br>
<p>Camp Eagle Island was a Great Camp built in 1899 as a summer retreat for New York Governor and United States Vice-President Levi Morton, designed by noted architect William L. Coulter. The mainland camp, now known as Pine Brook, was originally a part of the Morton camp. Camp Eagle Island has been a Girl Scout camp since 1938. Camp Eagle Island was included in a multiple property submission for listing on the National Register of Historic Places in 1986, was listed there in 1987, and was named a National Historic Landmark in 2004.</p><br>
<p>Moss Ledge and Prospect Point Camp are two other Great Camps on the lake designed by William L. Coulter. In the 1940s, the latter was sold, and had a brief career as a lodge, Sekon in the Pines. It was sold again in 1951, and used as a summer camp for young Jewish girls. In 1969, it was purchased by Young Life, a Christian non-denominational ministry based in Colorado Springs, Colorado, who use it for one-week-long educational camping sessions.</p><br>
<p>The cottages that grew up around Saranac Inn (the first dozen were built by the Inn owners) still exist, as do some of the Great Camps built in the area. World War I, the Great Depression and the Income Tax combined to put an end to the Great Camp era, however; many were abandoned and lost for unpaid taxes, burned or left to crumble.</p><br>
<p>The Cragsmoor Historic District in a historic district that includes most of the Cragsmoor hamlet atop the Shawangunk Ridge in the Town of Wawarsing, part of Ulster County, New York, United States. It is roughly bounded by Henry, Cragsmoor and Sam&#39;s Point roads, a Y-shaped area of 3,620 acres . Within it are 168 buildings , 15 structures and 11 objects, all located amidst a quiet, heavily wooded ridgetop community. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1996.</p><br>
<p>Many of the buildings in the district date to Cragsmoor&#39;s founding as an art colony in the late 19th century, when Edward Lamson Henry and some of his fellow painters visited what was then a small mountain hamlet for local loggers and grew enamored of the scenery. Many homes were designed by Frederick Dellenbaugh and Bert Goldsmith. George Inness, Jr. and Charles Courtney Curran were among the artists who lived and worked here.</p><br>
<p>Tow Hill is a large isolated volcanic plug located 21 km east of Masset on the north end of the Naikoon Peninsula of northeast Graham Island in Haida Gwaii, British Columbia, Canada, east of McIntyre Bay and near the mouth of the Hiellen River, which is the site of Hiellen, a now-abandoned Haida village and of the Hiellen Indian Reserve No. 2, on the site of that village. Formerly Tow Hill Provincial Park, it is now part of Naikoon Provincial Park, which covers most of the northeastern flatland of Graham Island.</p><br>
<p>Tow Hill is associated by the editors Canadian Mountain Encyclopedia with the Queen Charlotte Mountains which in turn form part of the Insular Mountains, but it is not physically part of the range, and is separated from mountainous parts of Graham Island by expanses of forested flatland-marsh and is properly designated as being on the Argonaut Plain, one of the lowland areas of Haida Gwaii not in the Queen Charlotte Mountains.</p><br>
<p>Tow Hill consists of faceted columnar-jointed basalt columns that solidified about two million years ago during the Pleistocene period.</p><br>
<p>"This feature is an eroded volcanic plug - the most distinctive navigational landmark on the entire North Beach. Tow is derived from a Haida word that rhymes with "cow", and means place of food. Many legends about its origin and the significance of the blowhole at the base of the hill......"</p><br>
<p>The Motherland Monument  is a monumental statue in Kyiv, the capital of Ukraine. The sculpture is a part of the Museum of The History of Ukraine in World War II, Kyiv. The stainless steel statue stands 62 m tall upon the museum building with the overall structure measuring 102 m and weighing 560 tons. The sword in the statue&#39;s right hand is 16 m long weighing 9 tons, with the left hand holding up a 13 by shield with the State Emblem of the Soviet Union. The Memorial hall of the Museum displays marble plaques with carved names of more than 11,600 soldiers and over 200 workers of the home-front honored during the war with the title of the Hero of the Soviet Union and the Hero of Socialist Labor. On the hill beneath the museum, traditional flower shows are held. The sword of the statue was cut because the tip of the sword was higher than the cross of the Kiev Pechersk Lavra.</p><br>
<h2>Background</h2><br>
<p>In the 1950s a plan circulated of building on the spot of the current statue twin monuments of Vladimir Lenin and Joseph Stalin, nearly 200 m tall each. However, this did not go ahead. Instead, according to legend, in the 1970s a shipload of Communist Party officials and Soviet sculptor Yevgeny Vuchetich looked across at the hills by the Lavra and decided the panorama needed a war memorial. Vuchetich had designed the other two most famous giant Soviet war memorials, The Motherland Calls in Volgograd and the Soviet soldier carrying German infant constructed after the war in East Berlin. However, Vuchetich died in 1974, and the design of the memorial was afterwards substantially reworked and completed under the guidance of Vasyl Borodai.</p><br>
<p>Final plans for the statue were made in 1978, with construction beginning in 1979. It was controversial, many criticised the costs involved and claimed the funds could have been better spent elsewhere. When director of construction Ivan Petrovich was asked to confirm the costs of 9 million rubles, he responded that this was a conservative estimate. The statue was opened in 1981 in a ceremony attended by Soviet president Leonid Brezhnev.</p><br>
<p>In modern-day Kyiv, the statue remains controversial, with some claiming it should be pulled down and its metal used for more functional purposes. Financial shortages mean that the flame, which uses up to 400 m&sup3; of gas per hour, can only burn on the biggest national holidays, and rumours persist that the statue is built on unstable foundations, something strongly denied by the Kyiv local government.</p><br>
<p>In April 2015, the parliament of Ukraine outlawed Soviet and Communist symbols, street names and monuments, in a decommunization attempt. But World War II monuments are excluded from these laws.</p><br>
<h2>In popular culture</h2><br>
<p>A scene in the 2006 novel World War Z depicts a Ukrainian tank commander and his surviving men fleeing in their vehicles from an abandoned and burning Kyiv under the watchful gaze of the Rodina-Mat.</p><br>
<p>The monument is prominently featured in the music video for the song "Get Out" by the band Frightened Rabbit.</p><br>
<p>Gibbet Hill, at Hindhead, Surrey, is the apex of the scarp surrounding the Devil&#39;s Punch Bowl, not far from the A3 London to Portsmouth road in England.</p><br>
<h2>Geography</h2><br>
<p>Gibbet Hill stands 272 m above sea level. It is the second highest hill in Surrey. Leith Hill stands 23 metres taller and Botley Hill stands 2.4 metres lower.</p><br>
<p>It commands a panoramic view, especially to the north and east. The view to the north overlooks the Devils Punchbowl, Thursley, Hankley Common, Crooksbury Hill, and the Hogs Back towards Godalming and Guildford. To the east lies the Sussex Weald. To the south, the hills of Haslemere and Blackdown can be seen, with some sections of the South Downs. On a clear day it is possible to see tallest buildings in London&#39;s skyline including The Gherkin, Tower 42 and Wembley Stadium, approximately 38 mi away as well as intermediate landmarks such as towers in Woking and Guildford Cathedral.</p><br>
<p>Weydown common lies to the south of Gibbet Hill. From 1909 or earlier until 1939 or later, a white horse was carved into the hillside at Combe Head, so that it could be seen from Gibbet Hill, although the figure is now covered by heath.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The area was one of disrepute due to the activities of highwaymen and robbers, the corpses of three of whom were formerly displayed there on a gibbet as punishment for their crimes. Another account has the cross as Erle&#39;s unmarked memorial erected after his death.</p><br>
<p>The general area is one of heathland and gorse, and was originally an area of the broomsquire, who would harvest the heather, broom, and birch branches to make brooms. As such, it was often thought to be a pagan or area.</p><br>
<p>Gibbet Hill and the nearby area were mentioned by Dickens in his novel Nicholas Nickleby, in the scene where Nickleby was walking from London to Portsmouth.</p><br>
<p>They walked upon the rim of the Devils Punch Bowl; and Smike listened with greedy interest as Nicholas read the inscription upon the stone which, reared upon that wild spot, tells of a murder committed there by night. The grass on which they stood, had once been dyed with gore; and the blood of the murdered man had run down, drop by drop, into the hollow which gives the place its name. "The Devils Bowl," thought Nicholas, as he looked into the void, "never held fitter liquor than that!"</p><br>
<p>Dickens was referring to the murder on 24 September 1786 of an Unknown Sailor who was met by three men in the Red Lion at Thursley as he was travelling to his ship in Portsmouth. He bought them drinks and they then followed him and murdered him in the Devil&#39;s Punch Bowl. They were quickly apprehended at the Sun Inn in Rake, tried and executed, and their bodies hung on Gibbet Hill. The unknown sailor was buried in Thursley churchyard, and a memorial stone was erected on Gibbet Hill near the scene of the crime. In 2000, Peter Moorey suggested that the sailor was an Edward Hardman.</p><br>
<h3>USAAF Curtiss-Wright C-46 Commando crash</h3><br>
<p>On 6 May 1945, a Curtiss-Wright C-46 Commando (44-77839) of the United States Army Air Forces was flying over Gibbet Hill in bad weather, when the aircraft struck a radar tower and crashed; all 30 passengers and crew died along with one person on the ground.</p><br>
<p>Cliveden, also known as the Benjamin Chew House, is a historic mansion at 6401 Germantown Avenue in Germantown, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. It was the scene of some of the bloodiest fighting of the Battle of Germantown, fought in 1777 during the American Revolutionary War.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Built between 1763 to 1767, by Benjamin Chew, the mansion was inhabited from colonial times by seven generations of the Chew family, until 1972. Chew was head of the Pennsylvania Judiciary System under both Colony and Commonwealth, and Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of the Province of Pennsylvania. From his legal mentor, Andrew Hamilton, he inherited Hamilton&#39;s lifelong clients, the descendants of William Penn.</p><br>
<p>For Chews safety, the Executive Committee of the Continental Congress forcibly removed him and his family from Cliveden, as his close friend, George Washington, was ordering his troops to move towards Philadelphia. British Colonel Musgrave then quickly occupied the sturdily built mansion and fought off the attack from within with muskets and bayonets. Washingtons army was repelled and driven back down Germantown Avenue in defeat.</p><br>
<p>In 1961, Cliveden was designated a National Historic Landmark, and was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1966. It is part of the Colonial Germantown Historic District. The National Trust for Historic Preservation operates Cliveden as a historic house museum and offers tours from April through December. Significance:</p><br>
<h2>Property</h2><br>
<p>The original estate included a number of other structures, including a stable and coach house, a smoke house, hen house, and summer house. The landscaping features statuary and gardens with over 200 varieties of trees and scrubs. In 1868, a two-story addition was added in the original courtyard. A window on the second-floor stair landing in the main house was converted into a hidden doorway to create an entrance to the addition.</p><br>
<p>The Chew Family Papers, containing an extensive collection of correspondence, documents, financial records and other materials, are available for research use at the Historical Society of Pennsylvania.</p><br>
<p>The George and John R. Hunt Memorial Building, often referred to as just the Hunt Memorial Building, is the former Ellenville, New York, United States, public library. It is located on Liberty Square, at the juncture of Liberty Place and Canal Street , just across from the village&#39;s post office, another Registered Historic Place in Wawarsing.</p><br>
<p>It was built in 1917 as local headquarters for the Women&#39;s Christian Temperance Union (WCTU), with money from local benefactor John R. Hunt. His intention was that the building, a neoclassical structure designed by Frank Estabrook of Newburgh, serve as both rented private office space to provide the building with income, and a public community center.</p><br>
<p>Despite some decline in the condition of the building, it continued to serve as one of the three anchors of the village&#39;s downtown through the middle of the twentieth century, along with the post office and the since-burned Wayside Inn. To make ends meet, the WCTU had to rent out not only the office space but to go into the function hall business, using the public space. When the public library moved to its current quarters in 1975, the building was left without a major tenant, though over the next 15 years there was occupancy by The Ellenville News (a weekly community newspaper, for two years), TreSource and Fiber Industries (sustainable wood and forestry products), and the Plush Factory (stuffed toys); structural problems such as leaky roofs and badly built partitions accelerated its decay. Urban renewal efforts in Ellenville and the decline of the regional economy made the neighborhood less vibrant.</p><br>
<p>The last major tenant, in the 1990s, was an appliance retailer. Howard Hellman, who had taken over ownership of the building, decided to donate it to the village in the hopes that it could find a buyer who could attract a mix of tenants and revitalize not only the building but downtown. These efforts proved as futile for the village as they had for Hellman.</p><br>
<p>Local preservationists were interested in saving the building, however, and formed the Hunt Memorial Preservation Committee to raise funds and coordinate restoration efforts. The village has created a Historic Preservation Committee and taken other steps required by the state to coordinate rehabilitation efforts. Current plans call for a mix of public and private funds to be used to restore the masonry and repair the roof and windows. A stained glass skylight that had become severely deteriorated has been repaired, but is being kept in storage for safekeeping until the main room ceiling is fully renovated. In 2005 it was listed on the National Register of Historic Places, as well as on the State of New York registry. It is located in the Ellenville Downtown Historic District.</p><br>
<p>The ultimate intent is to restore the building to the point where it can serve its original purpose as a mixture of private and public space, providing a spur to the revival of downtown Ellenville. It remains in sporadic use, mostly as the venue for community events, such as the annual Run Like the Wind 10K race, the annual Blueberry/Huckleberry Festival, a summer series of concerts (Music in the Square), and art exhibits. After a local insurance agency vacated an office in the rear of the building, the space was renovated for use by the Ellenville/Wawarsing Chamber of Commerce, which completed its move of its office from its previous site on Berme Road in early 2008.</p><br>
<p>In 2015, Ulster County gave the village of Ellenville a million dollars for various local projects after it was passed over by the state as a casino site following a 2014 amendment to the state constitution that allowed casinos at several state locations. Of that money, $100,000 was allocated to restoring the Hunt Building. A little over one-third was used to shore up the main portico, while the rest went to refinishing the interior, although two rooms remain to be redone.</p><br>
<p>Charles McLaran House, also known as Riverview and as Burris House, is a historic mansion at 512 Second Street South in Columbus, Mississippi. Built in 1847 for a major local landowner, it is a distinctive and particularly grand and well-preserved example of Greek Revival architecture. It was declared a National Historic Landmark in 2001.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>Riverview is located on a roughly 1 acre parcel, a reduced portion of its original lot, which occupied an entire city block bounded by First and Second Streets South, and by Fifth and Sixth Avenues South. The property originally housed a small estate, with a number of outbuildings accompanying the main house. Of these, only a single one remains. The propertys landscaping includes mature plantings, some of which may date to its early days. The main house is a basically square brick structure, 2-1/2 stories in height, with a raised basement and a low-pitch hipped roof that has a large square cupola at its center. The house has two primary facades, one facing east to Second Street, and the other to the west toward the Tombigbee River. Each is five bays wide, with the center three bays fronted by massive two-story Greek temple fronts. These porticos have paneled square pillars, which rise to a modillioned and dentillated cornice. The interior is significantly more elaborate than the exterior, with elaborate high-quality plaster and woodwork details. The central hall has a grand spiral staircase that rises up to the cupola. Details from one of the parlors are direct copies from plates appearing in Minard Lafevers 1835 The Beauties of Modern Architecture.</p><br>
<p>The house was built in 1847 for Charles McLaran, a native of Alabama who was then one of the county&#39;s largest landowners. Its design is attributed to James Lull, a native of Vermont who came to Columbus in 1837. McLaran only lived in the house until 1856, when he moved to St. Louis, Missouri.</p><br>
<p>The Emerald Mound Site , also known as the Selsertown site, is a Plaquemine culture Mississippian period archaeological site located on the Natchez Trace Parkway near Stanton, Mississippi, United States. The site dates from the period between 1200 and 1730 CE. It is the type site for the Emerald Phase  of the Natchez Bluffs Plaquemine culture chronology and was still in use by the later historic Natchez people for their main ceremonial center. The platform mound is the second-largest Pre-Columbian earthwork in the country, after Monk&#39;s Mound at Cahokia, Illinois.</p><br>
<p>The mound covers eight acres, measuring 770 ft by 435 ft at the base and is 35 ft in height. Emerald Mound has a flat top with two smaller secondary mounds at each end. It was constructed around a natural hill. Travelers in the early 19th century noted a number of adjoining mounds and an encircling ditch that are no longer present.This site once had six other secondary mounds which were lost due to the plowing of the surface of the mound. Emerald Mound was stabilized by the National Park Service in 1955. It was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1989. The mound is now managed by the Park Service&#39;s Natchez Trace Parkway unit, and is open to the public.</p><br>
<h2>Site prehistory</h2><br>
<p>Emerald Mound was constructed during 1250 and 1600 CE, and is the type site for the Emerald Phase (1500 - 1680) of the Plaquemine culture Natchez Bluffs chronology. It was used as a ceremonial center for a population who resided in outlying villages and hamlets, but takes its name from the historic Emerald Plantation that surrounded the mound in the 19th century. The large mound began as a natural hill, which was built up by workers&#39; depositing earth along the sides, reshaping it and creating an elongated, pentagonal-shaped, artificial plateau. Two smaller mounds sit on either end of the summit of the primary mound. The larger of the two sits at the western end, and measures 190 ft by 160 ft at the base and is 30 ft in height.</p><br>
<p>The summit of the mound is roughly 65 ft above the surrounding landscape. Early drawings suggest that six smaller mounds, three on either side, flanked the edges of the primary mound between the two secondary mounds, but were flattened by erosion and plowing in the 19th century. Originally a constructed ditch, part of the earthworks, encircled the entire complex.</p><br>
<p>Archaeologists believe that the Plaquemine culture builders were the ancestors of the historic Natchez, who inhabited the area and used Emerald Mound site as their main ceremonial center at time of first European contact. By the time of the La Salle Expedition of 1682, the tribe&#39;s main ceremonial center was located at the Grand Village of the Natchez or Fatherland site, 12 mi to the southwest. Emerald was abandoned during the French colonial period, and the hereditary chief lived at the Grand Village. The people of the tribe lived in a widely dispersed settlement pattern, mainly in small hamlets and on family farms. They periodically assembled at the ceremonial centers for religious and social events. This settlement appears to have been one of the last active expressions of the large platform mound-building culture along the Mississippi River.</p><br>
<h2>Archaeological excavations</h2><br>
<p>The site, originally known as the Selsertown site, derives its present name from the nearby antebellum-era Emerald Plantation. The first excavations took place in 1838, and were recorded by John C. Van Tramp in his book Prairie and Rocky Mountain Adventures, or, Life In The West. Measurements were taken, pottery and skeletons exhumed, and the investigators noted the eight secondary mounds and a large encircling trench. Over the intervening years, periodic excavations have taken place, most recently in 1972. Animal remains, ceramic fragments, tools, and the stratigraphy—all studied by National Park Service archeologists—offer a glimpse into the life of Emerald&#39;s ancient inhabitants.</p><br>
<p>The owners donated the site to the National Park Service (NPS) during the 1950s. Due to damage caused by erosion of the secondary mounds, the NPS restored the mounds and sodded the surfaces in the mid-50s. A trail and stairways were constructed from the parking lot adjacent to the mound, leading to the surface of the primary platform and to the tops of the larger of the secondary mounds.</p><br>
<p>Grand Village of the Natchez,  also known as the Fatherland Site, is a 128.1 acre site encompassing a prehistoric indigenous village and earthwork mounds in present-day south Natchez, Mississippi. The village complex was constructed starting about 1200 CE by members of the prehistoric Plaquemine culture. They built the three platform mounds in stages. Another phase of significant construction work by these prehistoric people has been dated to the mid-15th century. It was named for the historic Natchez people, who used the site in the 17th and 18th centuries.</p><br>
<p>In the early 18th century, when the historic Natchez people occupied the site, they added to the mounds.</p><br>
<p>The village was the Natchez tribes main political and religious ceremonial center in the late 17th and early 18th centuries, according to historical and archaeological evidence. It replaced the Emerald Mound Site in this role. After suffering a 1730 military defeat by French settlers, the Natchez abandoned the site and moved away. In the early 19th century, the land was privately owned and cultivated as part of the Fatherland Plantation. Archaeological excavations started in 1930, and three mounds were found. (They had been partially buried by loess soils, with some erosion due to St. Catherines Creek.)</p><br>
<p>The site was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1964 and a Mississippi Landmark in 1985.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Construction began at the site during the Anna phase of the prehistoric Plaquemine culture about 1200 CE. All of the varying soils used to build the mounds was carried by laborers by hand, probably in woven baskets. Skilled specialists knew how to use different soils to create the most stability. Later leaders directed additional work in the mid-15th century, in the Emerald phase of the Plaquemine culture. The site had three ceremonial platform mounds.</p><br>
<p>Between 1682 and 1729, the Natchez people used the village as their main ceremonial center, as noted in contemporary French accounts. The three mounds were used for major religious and political ceremonies. First called Mound A, B and C by researchers, they are now known as Abandoned Mound, Sun Mound and Temple Mound, respectively. The Sun and Temple Mounds have been excavated and reconstructed, while the Abandoned Mound has not.</p><br>
<p>From 1700-1730, the Natchez added more construction at Mounds B and C. On top of Mound B they built the residence of the Great Sun, the paramount chief of the tribe. Mound C was the platform for the Sun Temple, which included a charnel house for the remains of the Natchez elite. By the time of European contact, the Natchez were no longer using Mound A. Most of the Natchez people lived dispersed in small villages in the area and would gather for special occasions at the Grand Village. They were farmers and constructed permanent dwellings.</p><br>
<p>During this period, French settlers began to explore the region and establish settlements that gradually encroached on Natchez territory. Though relations were peaceful at first, the two groups competed for resources and did not understand each other&#39;s cultures. Several episodes of violence in 1716 and 1723 created tension, although the Natchez made land concessions to the French.</p><br>
<p>The death of the Great Sun in 1728 contributed to social instability and tensions. His successor, the Young Sun, was more hostile to the French. In addition, the tribe was getting caught up in French and British rivalry in the region, each of which tried to maintain trade with the Natchez. In 1729, a pro-British group within the tribe attacked the French settlements at Fort Rosalie. The French retaliated with Indian allies and drove the Natchez out of the area. Some of the Natchez escaped and took refuge with other tribes, such as the Creek and Cherokee. After the French sold 300 Natchez survivors into slavery in the West Indies, the Natchez "ceased to exist as a cultural group."</p><br>
<p>In the late 19th century, researchers named the mound group after the Fatherland Plantation, established earlier that century on much of the site. Its owners had cultivated part of the area. When researchers later determined that this was the site called the "Grand Village of the Natchez" in French colonial records, they adopted that as the preferred name to honor the Natchez history at the site. Archaeological investigations and excavations at the site were conducted in 1930, 1962, and 1972 by the Mississippi Department of Archives and History (MDAH). Using evidence found in these, the state reconstructed mounds B and C to their original dimensions. Other institutions, such as the National Park Service, the University of Alabama, the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, and Harvard University&#39;s Lower Mississippi Survey have continued investigations alongside the MDAH.</p><br>
<p>The site is a national and state tourist attraction in Natchez. Managed by the state of Mississippi, the large property includes a museum, which holds numerous artifacts excavated from the site and an extensive collection of baskets made by area tribes, including native and European "grave goods" buried with the elite Natchez; a reconstructed Natchez house, based on historical and archeological evidence; picnic pavilion; and miles of nature trails. A mound area has been partially restored.</p><br>
<p>The Octagon, built in 1834, is a historic octagonal building and attached apartment block complex located at 888 Main Street on Roosevelt Island in New York City. It originally served as the main entrance to the New York City Lunatic Asylum, which opened in 1841. Designed by Alexander Jackson Davis, the five-story rotunda was made of blue-gray stone that was quarried on the island. The Octagon is the last remnant of the hospital, and after many years of decay and two fires, was close to ruin. After restoration, it has now been incorporated into the adjacent buildings to create a large apartment complex.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Mistreatment of patients at the asylum was the center of the exposé by Nellie Bly in her 1887 book Ten Days in a Mad-House.</p><br>
<p>The Octagon was made part of the Metropolitan Hospital in 1894. The Octagon, as a Metropolitan Hospital building, closed in 1955, leaving the building abandoned. On March 16, 1972, despite its condition, it was added to the National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<p>After many years of decay, as well as two fires that nearly destroyed the building, the Octagon was renovated and turned into a residential building. In April 2006, the renovated Octagon reopened as the lobby entrance to a pair of adjacent apartment buildings with 500 units in total.</p><br>
<h3>Sustainability</h3><br>
<p>The new apartment complex utilizes both solar panels and fuel cell installations. A 50 kW array of solar panels and a 400 kW fuel cell enable the building to generate more than 50% of its power. The fuel cell is a combined heat and power system that converts natural gas to electricity and heat via a combustion-free, electrochemical process. This system provides power and heat that meets the majority of the building’s energy demand, and the efficiency it achieves is higher than the energy received from the power grid. Not only does the system provide more efficient energy usage, the heat from the process is also used for the building’s space heating and domestic water requirements. Thus the Octagon is projected to reduce its carbon emissions by 790 metric tons annually.</p><br>
<p>The Octagon received the largest initial award of New York State Green Building Tax Credits and was recognized in the first New York City Green Buildings Competition with the "Green Apple Award" for leadership in applying sustainable design principles to residential development. In 2006, a newly constructed residential building was built on the site, modeled on the original structure. It received LEED Silver status from the USA Green Building Council in 2008.</p><br>
<p>468 NEW-YORK CITY ASYLUM FOR THE INSANE (WOMAN) BLACKWELL&#39;S ISLAND.jpgThe main building in 1893</p><br>
<p>Welfare Island Insane Asylum EAST SIDE HABS NY,31-WELFI,6-1.jpgRotunda as it appeared in 1970</p><br>
<p>Welfare island insane asylum STAIRCASE HABS NY,31-WELFI,6-4.jpgOriginal interior stairway, second floor</p><br>
<p>Nellie Bly-Mad-House-11.pngAs depicted in Ten Days in a Mad-House</p><br>
<p>The-octagon.jpgAppearance in 2017</p><br>
<p>The John Paul Jones House is a historic house at 43 Middle Street in Portsmouth, New Hampshire. Now a historic house museum and a National Historic Landmark, it is most significant as the only known surviving structure in the United States associated with American Revolutionary War naval hero John Paul Jones, who was resident here in 1781-82 when it was operated as a boarding house.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The 2-1/2 story wood frame house was built in 1758 by the master housewright Hopestill Cheswell, a successful African-American builder in the city. The house was built for Captain Gregory Purcell, who owned it with his wife Sarah until his death in 1776.</p><br>
<p>After Purcells death his wife took in boarders, until her own death in 1783. The American naval hero John Paul Jones rented a room at the widow Purcells during 1781-1782, while supervising construction of the ship America.</p><br>
<p>The house was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1972.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>The house is 2-1/2 stories high, with a gambrel roof, and two chimneys projecting from the interior. A two-story addition to the northeast was added in the early 19th century. The five-bay main facade has a central entry topped by a segmented arch pediment, supported by flanking pilasters. The first floor windows of the main facade are topped by triangular pediments. The interior of the house follows a typical Georgian center-hall plan, with rooms flanking a central hall with stairs. To the left of the hall are a parlor in front, and a counting room or office in the rear, while to the right is a large dining room with what was originally the kitchen behind. Upstairs there are four bedrooms; that of Jones was in the southeast corner. The third floor has five bedrooms.</p><br>
<p>The downstairs rooms now contain museum exhibits, and the dining room has been decorated to early 19th-century taste. The house has belonged to the Portsmouth Historical Society since 1919, and is open to the public.</p><br>
<p>The Ladd-Gilman House, also known as Cincinnati Memorial Hall, is a historic house at 1 Governors Lane in Exeter, New Hampshire, United States. The home was built about 1721 by Nathaniel Ladd as one of the states first brick houses, and was subsequently clapboarded three decades later. The home was purchased in 1747 by Daniel Gilman, a prominent Exeter merchant. It served as the state treasury during the American Revolutionary War when two members of the Gilman family, Col. Nicholas Gilman and his son John Taylor Gilman, later the states governor, served as treasurers of the state. Also born in the house was Nicholas Gilman, Jr., a signer of the United States Constitution and USA senator from New Hampshire.</p><br>
<p>The Ladd-Gilman House was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1973, principally for its association with Nicholas Gilman, Jr. It has been maintained since 1902 by the Society of the Cincinnati, in which organization the Gilman family took a prominent role. The Ladd-Gilman House and its grounds are part of the campus of Exeter&#39;s American Independence Museum.</p><br>
<h2>Description and construction history</h2><br>
<p>The house is a rambling frame structure, consisting of a main block and a series of additions. The main block was originally built as a two-story brick structure. After Daniel Gilman purchased the house in 1747, it was extensively altered by Col. Nathaniel Gilman, his son. He removed the wall separating the two rooms on the right side, and built the two-bay addition beside it, knocking down the original house wall on that side, and then clapboarding the rest of the house to match the new work. A further addition, originally designed as a caretaker&#39;s residence, was added after the Society of the Cincinnati acquired the house in 1902. The interior portions of the main house feature original woodwork, including paneling, deep window seats, and fluted pilasters.</p><br>
<p>FAME  Studios are located at 603 East Avalon Avenue in Muscle Shoals, Alabama, an area of northern Alabama known as the Shoals. Though small and distant from the main recording locations of the American music industry, FAME has produced a large number of hit records and was instrumental in what came to be known as the Muscle Shoals sound. It was started in the 1950s by Rick Hall, known as the Founder of Muscle Shoals Music. The studio, still owned by Hall, is still actively operating. It was added to the Alabama Register of Landmarks and Heritage on December 15, 1997, and was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2016. The 2013 award-winning documentary Muscle Shoals features Rick Hall, the Muscle Shoals Rhythm Section , and the Muscle Shoals sound originally popularized by FAME.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<h3>Early history</h3><br>
<p>FAME (standing for Florence Alabama Music Enterprises) was founded by Rick Hall, Billy Sherrill, and Tom Stafford in the late 1950s. It was first located above the City Drug Store in Florence, Alabama. Two doors down was a pawn shop - "Uncle Sams" - where aspiring artists would buy or pawn their instruments, depending on the trajectory of their careers. The studio was moved to a former tobacco warehouse on Wilson Dam Road in Muscle Shoals in the early 1960s, when Hall split from Sherrill and Stafford. Hall soon recorded the first hit record from the Muscle Shoals area, Arthur Alexanders "You Better Move On" in 1961. Hall took the proceeds from that recording to build the current facility, on Avalon Avenue in Muscle Shoals. In 1963, he recorded the first hit produced in that building, Jimmy Hughes "Steal Away".</p><br>
<p>As the word about Muscle Shoals began to spread other artists began coming there to record. The Nashville producer Felton Jarvis brought Tommy Roe and recorded Roe&#39;s song "Everybody" in 1963. The Atlanta music publisher Bill Lowery, who had mentored Hall in his early days, sent the Tams. The Nashville publisher and producer Buddy Killen brought Joe Tex. Leonard Chess encouraged Etta James to record there, and she made her 1967 hit "Tell Mama" and the album of the same name at FAME. Jerry Wexler of Atlantic Records brought both Wilson Pickett and Aretha Franklin to record. The recording session with Franklin brought conflict: one of the horn players was fresh with the singer, and her husband had him fired from the session. Later that evening Hall went over to make up with Franklin and her husband, but a fight ensued, and the recording session was canceled. Wexler swore to Hall he would never work with him again.</p><br>
<p>Duane Allman, later of the Allman Brothers Band, once pitched a tent and camped out in the parking lot of FAME Studios in an effort to be near the recording sessions occurring there. He soon befriended Rick Hall and Wilson Pickett, who was recording there. While on lunch break, Allman taught Pickett "Hey Jude&quot their version of the song was eventually recorded in 1968, with Allman playing lead guitar. On hearing the session, people at Atlantic began asking who had played the guitar solos, and Hall responded with a hand-written note that read "some hippie cat who&#39;s been living in our parking lot." Shortly afterward, Allman was offered a recording contract; auditions for the Allman Brothers Band were later held at FAME Studios. Allman loved the area, and frequently returned to the Shoals for session work throughout his life.</p><br>
<p>The session musicians who worked at the studio became known as the Muscle Shoals Horns and the Muscle Shoals Rhythm Section (or the Swampers). In 1969, just after Hall had signed a deal with Capitol Records, the four primary Muscle Shoals Rhythm Section members (Barry Beckett (keyboards), Jimmy Johnson (guitar), Roger Hawkins (drums), and David Hood (bass)), left to found a competing business, the Muscle Shoals Sound Studio, originally at 3614 Jackson Highway in nearby Sheffield, Alabama. Subsequently, Hall hired the Fame Gang as the new studio band. Also called the Third FAME Rhythm Section, consisted of eight musicians plus arranger-producer Mickey Buckins. This group backed up singers such as Aretha Franklin, Wilson Pickett, Clarence Carter, Bobbie Gentry, Etta James, and Candi Staton during recording sessions at FAME Studios.</p><br>
<h3>1970s to 1990s</h3><br>
<p>As the hits kept coming, Hall expanded into the area of teen pop hits with the Osmonds, a vocal group from Utah, featuring the younger brother Donny Osmond. The collaboration resulted in the hit "One Bad Apple" in 1970, among others, and helped Hall to become named "Producer of the Year" in 1971. As the decade of the 70s rolled in, Hall began moving into country music, first with the singer Bobbie Gentry, who recorded the album Fancy (1970), and then with the singer-songwriter Mac Davis, who topped both the Pop and Country charts with "Baby, Don&#39;t Get Hooked on Me" (1972). Davis recorded four gold albums at FAME, with the singles "Texas in My Rear View Mirror" and "Hooked on Music" becoming hits on both the country and pop charts. Many artists recorded with The Fame Gang such as Joe Tex, Bobby Blue Bland, Eddie Floyd, Candi Staton, Clarence Carter, Little Milton, Sawyer Brown, Tony Joe White, Duane Allman, Boz Scaggs, Elkie Brooks, Paul Simon, Lynyrd Skynyrd, Joe Cocker, Jim Capaldi, Julian Lennon, Delbert McClinton, J. J. Cale, John Prine, the Oak Ridge Boys, the Rolling Stones.</p><br>
<p>Hall continued producing country hits in the 1980s, including Jerry Reeds number 1 records "She Got the Goldmine (I Got the Shaft)" and "The Bird" in 1982. He also started Gus Hardins career with the popular "After the Last Good-bye" and had a hit album with Larry Gatlin and the Gatlin Brothers, Houston to Denver (1984). Halls productions on T.G. Sheppards LPs include Livin on the Edge (1985), It Still Rains in Memphis (1986), and One for the Money (1987). Top 20 singles included "Fooled Around and Fell in Love" by the Elvin Bishop Group in 1975. Top 10 singles included "In Over My Heart" and "Doncha?" by T.G. Sheppard in 1985. Top 5 singles include "Strong Heart" (1985), "One for the Money" (1987), and a number 1 single, "Youre My First Lady" (1987) by T.G. Sheppard also.</p><br>
<p>Hall then returned to the way he did it in the beginning, developing new artists. A local country band that was playing in a club down the street from FAME Studios came to his attention, and he and Robert Byrne co-produced an LP with the group Shenandoah. Hall made a record deal with CBS Records and the group thereafter had top 10 singles with "She Doesn&#39;t Cry Anymore" (1988) and "See If I Care" (1990), top 5 singles with "Mama Knows" (1988) and "The Moon Over Georgia" (1991), and six number 1 singles with "The Church on Cumberland Road" (1989), "Sunday in the South" (1989), "Two Dozen Roses" (1989), "Next to You, Next to Me" (1990), "Ghost in This House" (1990), and "I Got You" (1991).</p><br>
<p>In addition to FAME studios, Hall operates FAME Records, whose original roster included Clarence Carter, Candi Staton, Jimmy Hughes, Willie Hightower and the Fame Gang. The original run of the label was between 1964 and 1974, with distribution handled by Vee-Jay Records from 1964 to 1966, Atco Records from 1966 to 1967, Capitol Records from 1969 to 1972, and United Artists Records from 1972 through early 1974. In 2007, Hall reactivated the FAME Records label through a distribution deal with EMI.</p><br>
<h3>21st Century</h3><br>
<p>In 2007, Bettye LaVette&#39;s Grammy-nominated CD The Scene of the Crime, produced by Patterson Hood and Drive-By Truckers, was recorded at FAME Recording Studios. The Truckers also backed Lavette on the record, with contributions from David Hood and Spooner Oldham, from the original studio house band, the Swampers.</p><br>
<p>Fame Sessions, the second album by the Nightowls, was recorded at FAME Studios in September 2015 in collaboration with David Hood and Spooner Oldham.</p><br>
<p>Gregg Allman&#39;s final album, Southern Blood (2017), was recorded at FAME in March 2016.</p><br>
<p>St. Marys Episcopal Church and Cemetery is a historic church and cemetery at 258 Concord Street, in the village of Newton Lower Falls, Newton, Massachusetts. St. Marys Parish was formed in 1811. The church, built in 1813–14 and restyled in 1838, is the oldest church in Newton, and is a fine example of Gothic Revival/Federal style architecture. The cemetery, which dates from 1812, is the oldest non-government-owned cemetery in Newton. The property was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture and history</h2><br>
<p>St. Marys Church is set just north of Washington Street (Massachusetts Route 16) between Concord and Grove Streets. It is a single-story wood frame building, with a gable roof, clapboard siding, and a brick foundation. Its square tower rises above a gabled entry pavilion that projects from the center of the west-facing facade. The pavilion has two entrances, each flanked by pilasters and topped by a Gothic-arched transom. A central window placed high has a trefoil pattern. Most of the buildings remaining windows are sash windows topped by half-round transoms. The tower rising above the pavilion begins with a square section with oculus windows on each side, topped by a smaller belfry with Gothic-arched louvers and a railing with pinnacled corner posts. These details are repeated at a smaller scale above the belfry. Notable features of the church interior are its original high box pews, choir loft and plain glass windows. The plain chancel was added in 1922.</p><br>
<p>The church was built in 1813–14, as a Federal style structure, and was extensively altered in 1838, lengthening it to the rear by 16 ft, and restyling the tower with Gothic features. In 1954 the tower was again rebuilt, removing Gothic features in a bid to return the church to a more Federal appearance. The land for the church was purchased by Samuel Brown, a wealthy Boston merchant who had established one of the paper mills in Newton Lower Falls, and he also donated funds toward the building&#39;s construction.</p><br>
<h2>Current status</h2><br>
<p>St. Mary&#39;s Episcopal Church serves Newton Lower Falls, Wellesley Hills across the Charles River and surrounding areas and is a parish in the Episcopal Diocese of Massachusetts. It holds 2 regular services on Sunday mornings. Its current rector is the Reverend George Stevens.</p><br>
<p>The cemetery is still in use as evidenced by a burial in 2009.</p><br>
<h2>Notable burials in churchyard</h2><br>
<p>Josiah Gardner Abbott, 1814–1891, member of the United States House of Representatives from Massachusetts.</p><br>
<p>Lewis Golding Arnold, 1817–1871, Civil War general.</p><br>
<p>Charles Rice, 1787–1863, brigadier general in the Massachusetts Militia and Massachusetts state representative.</p><br>
<p>Old City Hall, also known as the Southern Market, is a historic complex of adjoining buildings in Mobile, Alabama, that currently houses the History Museum of Mobile. The complex was built from 1855 to 1857 to serve as a city hall and as a marketplace. It was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1973.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The building was originally planned by the city in 1854 as the principal city marketplace for selling vegetables, meat, and fish. In February 1855 it was decided that the building would also house some of the municipal offices with approval on 1 June 1855 of $44,000 in municipal bonds to pay for construction. The architect for this initial building phase was Thomas Simmons James, a Mobile architect originally from Virginia. On 27 December 1855, while the new building was under construction, the existing city hall on Conti and Jackson Street burned. As a consequence, in May 1856, the city passed a resolution approving $40,000 to complete and expand the building with accommodation for the mayor, city clerk, city treasurer, and two city boards. Payment receipts indicate that the building was completed by 20 April 1857.</p><br>
<p>In 1910 the building was altered by architect William L. Denham. A new council chamber was added above a new second floor bridge connecting the front and back of the central sections. The original open passageway between the two central sections was enclosed to create an entrance lobby and the stairway was reoriented to the east wall of the lobby. The complex was altered again in the mid 1930s by architect Frederick W. Clarke. Most of the work involved infilling some of the formerly open spaces with interior spaces. Also, murals by John Walker depicting scenes from local Mobile history were painted at this time. The complex was damaged by Hurricane Frederic on 12 September 1979, causing the tenants at that time to vacate the building. It was later restored.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>The complex is Italianate style in design and comprises four rectangular sections connected by three arcaded passageways. The grouping is 244 ft wide on Royal Street, 275 ft long on Church Street, and the back is 213 ft wide on Water Street. The building is stucco over brick construction with wood trim and brackets.</p><br>
<p>The two central sections form a U shaped mass, fronted on Royal Street and extend to Water Street. They are two floors in elevation on Royal Street and one floor in elevation on Water Street. This central section is crowned with a central octagonal cupola. The two annex wings are also two floors in elevation, although of lesser height than the central sections. The south wing annex is 30 ft wide by 275 ft long and faces Church Street. The ground floor of the south wing once housed stalls and shops for the market, but has since been altered to enclose the space. The north wing annex is 30 ft wide and is much shorter in length than the south wing. The north wall is attached to the neighboring Gulf Coast Exploreum.</p><br>
<h2>Museum</h2><br>
<p>Beginning in 1997 the building was renovated to house the History Museum of Mobile. An addition was added to the back of the building in 2000 to house the Museum’s permanent exhibits and staff offices. The museum was closed for repairs for approximately six months following flood damage from Hurricane Katrina in 2005.</p><br>
<p>The exhibits cover two large floors of the complex and chronicle 300 years of Mobile history. The museum normally has a six-month-long featured exhibit, special collections exhibits that are rotated periodically, and several permanent exhibits. The permanent exhibits include: the Old Ways New Days exhibit that explores Mobile&#39;s history from colonization to the present, and the Walls and Halls exhibit featuring furniture, antique silver, artwork, and other artifacts.</p><br>
<h2>Images</h2><br>
<p>The Henry D. Clayton House is a historic house in Clayton, Alabama, and is most notable as the birthplace and childhood home of Henry De Lamar Clayton, Jr., a legislator and judge. Clayton came to prominence while serving in the USA Congress as the author of the Clayton Antitrust Act of 1914. This act that prohibited particular types of conduct that were deemed to not be in the best interest of a competitive market. He was appointed as a Federal District Judge in 1914, where he became recognized as an advocate for judicial reform.</p><br>
<p>The plantation house was originally built by his father, Confederate General Henry DeLamar Clayton, Sr. It was declared a National Historic Landmark on December 8, 1976.</p><br>
<p>It is located 1 mile south of Clayton, off Alabama Bypass 30.</p><br>
<p>The Film Center Building is a 13-story office building catering to businesses involved in film, theatre, music and audio production and exploitation. It is located at 630 Ninth Avenue between 44th and 45th Streets in the Hell&#39;s Kitchen or "Clinton" neighborhood of Manhattan, New York City. It was built in 1928-29 and was designed in Art Deco style by Ely Jacques Kahn of the firm of Buchman & Kahn. The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1984.</p><br>
<h2>Interior</h2><br>
<p>The Film Centers first-floor interior, highlighted by Kahns "highly individualistic version of the Art Deco style", which shows pre-Columbian influences, was designated a New York City landmark in 1982.</p><br>
<p>According to the New York Landmarks Preservation Commission&#39;s designation report:</p><br>
<p>All the various elements of Kahns unique approach to modernistic design were brought to bear on the Film Center Buildings interior. Its walls and ceilings are handsomely worked in the plaster tapestry effect, and the polychromatic and decorative schemes are broad enough to include mosaics, elevator doors, the directory board, vent grilles, staircase risers, and elaborate, purely ornamental, three-dimensional motifs of abstract cylinders and stylized movie cameras. The overall effect is one of Kahn&#39;s most striking interior designs.</p><br>
<p>Of particular interest is the polychromatic elevator lobby mosaic.</p><br>
<p>Episcopal Church of the Nativity is a church in Huntsville, Alabama. It was built in the Gothic Revival style in 1859. It is noted as one of the most pristine examples of Ecclesiological Gothic architecture in the South. It is also one of the least-altered structures by architect Frank Wills and one of only thirteen surviving houses of worship designed by him in the United States. It was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1990.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The history of the present Episcopal Church of the Nativity begins in January 1856 when Henry C. Lay, the minister for the church, was in Mobile and saw the construction of Trinity Episcopal Church, designed by Frank Wills and Henry Dudley. Afterwards he chose the same firm to design the new sanctuary for his church, since the original building completed in 1847 was already inadequate for the congregation&#39;s needs. The vestry acquired two lots, adjacent to the original church, at the corner of Eustis Avenue and Green Street for $3,923 later in 1856.</p><br>
<p>A building committee worked over the three years to raise the necessary funds for construction by subscription, while construction progressed. They had hired a local builder, Hugh N. Moore, to construct the building. Because Moore was not familiar with certain techniques of construction for Gothic architecture, Lay wrote to Wills early in 1857 to request assistance and a Mr. Mason was sent to Huntsville to supervise the construction. Wills died in April of that year and his partner, Dudley, took over. Construction continued and by December 1858 the windows had been installed. The congregation held the first services in the building on the eve of Easter, 23 April 1859. The building was estimated to have had a total cost of roughly $37,565.</p><br>
<p>After decades of use, the church received a matching grant from Save America&#39;s Treasures for $432,216. The renovation was completed in 2011 and was the subject of the North American Copper in Architecture Award from the non-profit Copper Development Association. It consists of 22,500 custom hand-fabricated interlocking copper shingles, stylized to mirror Gothic Revival architecture.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>The building is Gothic Revival, in a Middle Pointed style inspired by 14th century English architecture. The church is built in brick and is an aisled nave-and-chancel structure with a monumental bell tower. The sanctuary measures 54 ft by 100 ft with the ridge-line of the roof 50 ft above the floor. The long sides of the building each feature six buttressed bays. Each bay contains a traceried window. The tracery produces a pair of trefoil-arch lancets topped by a quatrefoil. The front gable of the building features a 8 ft by 15 ft traceried window over the entrance. The three-stage bell tower is also buttressed and measures 18 ft square and 151 ft to the top of the octagonal spire. It features lancet and trefoil windows.</p><br>
<p>The interior is entered through double wooden doors that appear to be original to the building, set within a lancet arch. The interior walls are plastered brick; the floors are heart pine, covered with carpet. The ceiling is wood paneled, with the exposed structural oak timbers forming an arched pattern. The apse is a semi-octagonal projection with three large figural lancet windows that retain their original stained and painted glass. The apse ceiling is a ribbed segmental arch vault. The ribs are decorated and feature plaster boss caps at their apex.</p><br>
<p>Fort Mitchell Historic Site is a park and an archaeological site in Fort Mitchell, Alabama, that was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1990.</p><br>
<p>The Chattahoochee Indian Heritage Center has a ceremonial flame memorial to the Creek nation. Interpretive panels recount the history of the Creek War of 1836 and the subsequent forced removal of the Creek peoples along the Trail of Tears. The memorial is located adjacent to Fort Mitchell Historic Site.</p><br>
<p>The site also features historic burial grounds.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Fort Mitchell Historic Site represents three different periods of relationships of the Creek nation with the United States. The first Fort Mitchell, built in 1813 as an outpost during the Creek War and War of 1812, represents the military aspect of Manifest Destiny. It was named for David Brydie Mitchell, a governor of Georgia. The United States defeated the Red Sticks of the Creek Indian Nation, who comprised the majority of the population and had opposed American expansion in their territory. The Creek in defeat were forced to cede 21 million acres 85,000 km²) of land in 1814 in Georgia and Alabama, affecting the Lower and the Upper Towns.</p><br>
<p>The second represents the Indian Factory, a trading post staffed by the assistant US Indian agent appointed by the government beginning in 1817, when the post was transferred from Fort Hawkins in Georgia. The trading factory operated until about 1820. A post office was operated here from 1818 to 1820 as well.</p><br>
<p>In 1821 Col. John Crowell was appointed by US President James Madison as US Indian agent to the Creek, to replace David Brydie Mitchell, who was pushed out for a scandal related to illegal smuggling of African slaves. John&#39;s brothers Thomas and Henry Crowell accompanied him to set up the agency. By 1825, Thomas was operating a tavern near the fort. That year, the US Army rebuilt the fort and staffed it with a garrison of the Fourth Infantry until 1840, after Indian Removal of the late 1830s.</p><br>
<p>The last period represents the Federal government&#39;s attempt to live up to its treaty obligations, including payment of annuities and supplies, recognition of sovereignty and other elements since the 19th century. Fort Mitchell was garrisoned during the Second Creek War (1836), which occurred in Alabama as the state tried to regulate Creek land allotments and freedom. After this, most Creek in Alabama were forcibly relocated to Indian Territory. Those who stayed in the state had to give up tribal membership; they were considered state and US citizens.</p><br>
<p>In 1971 professional archeological excavations were undertaken at the former fort, of which only ruins remained. Among the findings were gravesites, remains of a hospital, the old fort, outbuildings, offices, barracks, and storage rooms. The Alabama Archaeological Association published a 1974 report. In 1990 the site was designated as a National Historic Monument.</p><br>
<p>In 1987 the Department of Defense established the Fort Mitchell National Cemetery on this site for interment of United States veterans from the Southeast and Gulf Coast.</p><br>
<p>Fort Toulouse and Fort Jackson are two forts that shared the same site at the fork of the Coosa River and the Tallapoosa River, near Wetumpka, Alabama.</p><br>
<p>Fort Toulouse was a stockade built by the French in 1717. It was replaced by a better-built fort of the same name in 1735, a bit further back from river erosion. Fort Toulouse served as a trading post with the Creek Indians until the end of the French & Indian War in 1763. With the French loss of that conflict, the French garrison spiked their cannons and left for both New Orleans and a return to France. The British victors chose not to occupy the Fort, and it eventually collapsed into decay.</p><br>
<p>During the War of 1812, "Red Stick" Creek Indians of northern Alabama and Georgia attacked white settlements and killed over 400 settlers at Fort Mims. In the resulting Creek War, General Andrew Jackson commanded the combined American forces of Tennessee militia, USA regulars, and Cherokee and Southern Creek “White Stick” Indians. Jackson defeated the Red Stick Creeks at the Battle of Horseshoe Bend in 1814, and afterwards initiated construction of a fort atop the site of the old French fort at the confluence of the Coosa and Tallapoosa rivers. The fort was intentionally built near the sacred Creek site known as the Hickory Ground. Jackson then temporarily traveled to Washington and in his absence, the fort was named “Jackson” in his honor. After Jackson’s return, he imposed the Treaty of Fort Jackson upon both the Northern Creek enemies and the Southern Creek allies, wresting 20,000,000 acre from all Creeks for white settlement.</p><br>
<p>The site was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1960.</p><br>
<p>During the American Bicentennial in the mid-1970s an attempt was made to reconstruct Fort Toulouse, however the replica was incorrectly built upon the outline of the much larger Fort Jackson.</p><br>
<h2>Fort Toulouse-Fort Jackson State Historic Site</h2><br>
<p>The William Bartram Arboretum is an arboretum located at 2521 Fort Toulouse Road, near Wetumpka, Alabama, in the United States. In the 1980s the park became a property of the Alabama Historical Commission and the incorrectly built fort was dismantled and recycled to partially construct a "correct" replica of Ft. Toulouse adjacent to the original site, allowing for a future reconstruction of Ft. Jackson on the actual site once occupied by both forts.</p><br>
<p>The Fort Toulouse-Fort Jackson State Historic Site has active “Living History” programs depicting the original Creek Indian inhabitants, the French Colonial Military presence, and the War of 1812 era USA Military presence.</p><br>
<p>It is located southwest of Wetumpka off USA Highway 231 (Alabama).</p><br>
<p>Government Street Presbyterian Church in Mobile, Alabama is one of the oldest and least-altered Greek Revival church buildings in the United States.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The Government Street Presbyterian Church congregation was formally organized in 1831. It initially met in a frame building on Government Street. A lot at the corner of Government and Jackson Street was purchased for $10,000 in the spring of 1835. Local millionaire and church trustee, Henry Hitchcock, ran an ad in the Mobile Daily Register in December 1835 that advertised for builders. Hitchcock served on the church&#39;s building committee and financed much of the construction to come. The drawings and specifications had already been provided by Gallier and Dakin.</p><br>
<p>Construction of the new brick edifice commenced on February 13, 1836. The masonry had been completed by March 1837, with one of the architects, Charles Dakin, being married within the sanctuary on March 22, 1837. In June that year the newspaper announced that pews were now being rented. The construction costs eventually totaled $60,000, with $40,000 of that having gone to the mason, Thomas James.</p><br>
<p>A storm toppled the steeple in 1852, with little damage done to the rest of the structure. Afterward a committee was formed to determine if it was desirable to rebuild it, and the ladies of the church formed a "steeple society" to raise the funds for the construction. The committee later decided to recommend that the congregation not replace it. A cypress floor was installed over the existing stone floor in the basement level in 1869. In 1893 the pulpit was altered and the doors were removed from the pews. In 1898 electric lighting was introduced, replacing the gas fixtures.</p><br>
<p>In 1902 a building committee was formed to explore adding more space to the church for a Sunday School. Architects F. Lockwood and Walter Seymour were hired in June 1903 to design an addition. The new addition was finished in 1905 and crossed the back of the existing structure, forming a T-shape. It matched the existing structure in detail and scale. The new construction cost around $12,000. The main sanctuary windows of clear glass were replaced with stained glass at this time.</p><br>
<p>A hurricane in 1916 caused $2500 in unspecified damages, and it was decided at that time to further enlarge the rear portion of the church. This time the architect was C. L. Hutchinson. He added two bays to the north at a cost of $20,000. The main sanctuary was renovated in 1950 with modern lighting and the addition of a glass vestibule just inside the main entrance. The interior was painted and the pews reupholstered in 1976.</p><br>
<h2>Design</h2><br>
<p>Although records do not indicate which architect was responsible for individual portions of the building, consensus among scholars usually credits the exterior design to James Gallier and Charles Dakin, with the interior credited to the Dakin brothers. The influence of the Town and Davis school on Gallier and the Dakins is evident in the exterior design, with Government Street Presbyterian being extremely similar to Town and Davis&#39; Washington Street Methodist Episcopal Church, completed in 1832 in Brooklyn, New York.</p><br>
<p>The exterior is brick with a stucco finish, intended to have an ashlar appearance. The front elevation features one of the earliest surviving American examples of a distyle in antis portico. The side elevations feature bays with full-length windows, divided by pilasters. The structure is one story over a raised basement with granite foundations and steps, the granite having arrived from New England aboard the Comet on September 26, 1836.</p><br>
<p>The interior is notable for the fact that the original Greek Revival design is fully intact with very little alteration. Three entrances lead from the portico into the sanctuary, the southern main doors open directly into the main vestibule, the eastern and western doors both open into side stairway vestibules that access the sanctuary and upper gallery. The sanctuary has two aisles and retains the original pews. The U-shaped gallery is supported by fluted Corinthian columns of a Tower of the Winds design. The gallery balcony features a Greek key molding topped with rosettes and appears, as does most of the interior, to be based on a design from Minard Lafever&#39;s Beauties of Modern Architecture. Behind the altar is a pylon-like screen with an engaged Corinthian tetrasyle topped by ante-fixae, similar in design to the Choragic Monument of Lysicrates. The ceiling is coffered in a diagonal, diamond pattern.</p><br>
<h2>The church today</h2><br>
<p>Government Street Presbyterian Church is part of the Presbyterian Church (USA), in the Presbytery of South Alabama. It is a congregation of over 480 members. The church has worship services, Christian education, music and fine arts, and urban ministries. The church also hosts a weekly lunch and lecture forum for the local community and an annual memorial lecture series. Church members serve downtown Mobile through such ministries as Coffee Club, which has served daily breakfast to the homeless for 22 years, Meals on Wheels, Adopt-A-School, and as a member church of the Interfaith Hospitality Network. During the summer, the church runs an urban mission camp at its Baytreat Lodge facility.</p><br>
<p>Joy Farm, also known as the E. E. Cummings House, is a historic farmstead on Joy Farm Road in the Silver Lake part of Madison, New Hampshire. It was designated a National Historic Landmark in 1971 in recognition for its place as the longtime summer home of poet E. E. Cummings .</p><br>
<p>Cummings&#39; parents purchased the farm, which is located near Silver Lake, in 1899 from Ephraim Joy. His mother deeded him the farm in 1929, and he spent time there every summer until his death in 1962. He was at the farm in September 1962 when he suffered a stroke; he died at the hospital in North Conway the next day.</p><br>
<p>The property includes a house and barn, as well as a small, two story octagonal tower. The main house is a 1-1/2 story building consisting of four bays, of which the rightmost is set back. The house has a side-gable roof, which has been modified to accommodate a deck above the rear half. The front of the main block has five bays on the first level, with paired sash windows flanking a center entry. The entry has sidelight windows, and is sheltered by a porch deck that is accessible from the middle gable of three gable dormers that line the main block&#39;s upper level. This deck, like that above the rear of the house, is lined with a railing consisting of posts connected by top rails and lower rails forming an X. The barn stands just north of the house.</p><br>
<p>Salmon P. Chase Birthplace was the birthplace and childhood home of Salmon P. Chase. It is located about 8 mi north of Claremont on New Hampshire Route 12A. The -story wood frame house was built c. 1790, and is a multi-section structure in an L shape. The main block is five bays wide and two deep, with a centered entry that has Greek Revival pilasters on the central entry and on the corners. This block faces west, and two narrower sections extend east from the rear. The first of these sections is also stories, with two chimneys. The easternmost section is 1-1/2 stories, and was originally connected to a barn. The house is believed to be well-preserved, but there is no documentary evidence of its appearance in the early 19th century, and it is known to have been moved across the street from its original site in about 1848.</p><br>
<p>The house&#39;s significance arises because it is the only known building associated directly with the life of Salmon P. Chase (1808-1873). Chase was born in this house, and lived here until he was eight, when he was sent to live with relatives in Ohio after his father died. Chase had a long and distinguished legal and political career, serving as Governor of Ohio and contending with Abraham Lincoln for the 1860 nomination as the Republican Party candidate for president. Lincoln appointed Chase to be Treasury Secretary, a post he held during the American Civil War, and from which he strongly advocated abolitionist positions as a Radical Republican. Lincoln appointed Chase Chief Justice of the United States Supreme Court in 1864, a post he held until his death.</p><br>
<p>The house was declared a National Historic Landmark, and listed on the National Register of Historic Places, in 1975.</p><br>
<p>The American Eagle, originally Andrew and Rosalie, is a two-masted schooner serving the tourist trade out of Rockland, Maine. Launched in 1930 at Gloucester, Massachusetts, she was the last auxiliary schooner  to be built in that port, and one of Gloucester&#39;s last sail-powered fishing vessels. A National Historic Landmark, she is also the oldest known surviving vessel of the type, which was supplanted not long afterward by modern trawlers.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Andrew and Rosalie was built in 1930 by the United Sail Loft Company in Gloucester, for Patrick Murphy, a local fishing master, and was named for his children. The ship was used in fishing operations by his family until 1941, when it was sold to the Empire Fish Company, who renamed her American Eagle. They converted her for use as a trawler, a role she served, mainly under the ownership of the Piscitello brothers, until 1983.</p><br>
<p>She was purchased in 1984 by John Foss, who had recently restored the Lewis R. French (also a National Historic Landmark), and was restored at the North Port Shipyard at Rockland, Maine. Foss rebuilt her for the cruise ship trade, and she now spends summers cruising Penobscot Bay in Maine on 3-7 day cruises, though she generally takes one longer cruise per year to places like Grand Manan Island in Canada. She is one of the few schooners in Maine that go on longer cruises, and one of the few that go offshore looking for whales. She also generally returns to Gloucester every year.</p><br>
<p>American Eagle was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1991, and was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1992. She is the sole surviving representative of the transitional period between traditional sail-powered fishing vessels and more modern trawlers, having been built about the same time as the Gertrude L. Thebaud, a sailing schooner.</p><br>
<p>The historic ship ran aground August 3, 2016 in Somes Sound, Mount Desert, Maine during a windjammer regatta. 25 passengers were evacuated with the crew remaining aboard to await high tide to refloat the ship.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>American Eagle is a single-deck two-masted schooner, measuring 76.4 ft in length between the perpendiculars, and a total length of 90 ft. Her beam is 19.3 ft, and her hold depth is 10 ft. She is registered at 70 gross tons and 47 net tons, displacing 118 tons. The frame and planking are oak, the ceiling is fir, and the decking is pine. She currently has a schooner rigging, although she did not for much of her fishing career. The hold has been fitted with fourteen double-occupancy passenger cabins.</p><br>
<p>Brady Lake is a natural lake located in Portage County, Ohio, United States. It is a kettle lake and has no tributaries or outlets. The majority of the lake lies within the boundaries of the former village of Brady Lake, while the remainder is in Franklin Township.</p><br>
<h2>Name</h2><br>
<p>Brady Lake gets its name from Captain Samuel Brady who hid in the lake in 1780 while fleeing a band of local American Indians. Initially, the lake was referred to as "Brady&#39;s Lake" before eventually being shortened to the modern Brady Lake.</p><br>
<h2>Historical uses</h2><br>
<p>Brady Lake was used during the operation of the Pennsylvania and Ohio Canal as a source of water along with nearby Pippen Lake, as the canal passed just to the south of the lake just east of present-day Kent, Ohio. From 1900-1924 Brady Lake was used to harvest ice in for local ice boxes, with some ice being shipped as far as Cleveland and Youngstown, Ohio.</p><br>
<p>The Great Northern Railway Buildings are a set of five building complexes in or near Glacier National Park in Montana. They were built by the Great Northern Railway during the period of the park&#39;s founding to provide a unified tourist experience to visitors to the park, using the Swiss chalet as a building model. The building complexes, each separately listed on the National Register of Historic Places, are:</p><br>
<p>Belton Chalets</p><br>
<p>Granite Park Chalet</p><br>
<p>Many Glacier Hotel</p><br>
<p>Sperry Chalet</p><br>
<p>Two Medicine General Store</p><br>
<p>Four of these complexes were declared a discontiguous National Historic Landmark District in 1987, notable as the largest such concentration of Swiss chalet architecture in the country. In May 2000, the designation was amended to include the Belton Chalets, which differs from the other buildings in being located just outside the park.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Glacier National Park was founded in 1910. Its creation received significant support from the Great Northern Railway, which passed just south of the park, and which stood to benefit from increased tourist traffic on its line, following similar railroad-related developments at Grand Canyon National Park and Yellowstone National Park. In order to present a unified yet flexible tourist experience, the railroad partnered with the National Park Service to provide infrastructure both inside and outside the park to serve a variety of tourist needs.</p><br>
<p>The services the Great Northern sought to offer ranged from elegant hotel accommodations to a rustic and somewhat rough backcountry experience. Their buildings were unified by the use of a single architectural style, the Swiss chalet, which railroad president Louis W. Hill adopted from the European mountain experience. Granite Park Chalet and Sperry Chalet, built in 1914, are examples of backcountry accommodations built by the railroad. The Many Glacier Hotel, completed in 1915, was the centerpiece, a large and grand hotel with elegant amenities. The Two Medicine General Store is a surviving remnant of a mid-sized lakeside hotel built on the shores of Two Medicine Lake; one of its two rustic log chalet structures has been demolished, and the other now serves as a general store.</p><br>
<p>The Great Northern also built service areas just outside the boundaries of the park. The Belton Chalets, built in 1910-11, were among the first buildings the company built for this effort, and were located at what was then the main station for accessing the park. The Glacier Park Lodge was built in 1913 to serve visitors approaching from the east.</p><br>
<p>When the National Historic Landmark District was designated in 1987, it was restricted to properties located in the park bounds. The National Park Service at the time noted the significance of the Belton Chalets and the Glacier Park Lodge, recommending that they be analyzed for inclusion in the landmark designation, since they appeared to be eligible. As a result, the Belton Chalets were included in a 2000 amendment; the owners of the Glacier Park Lodge declined participation.</p><br>
<p>The Matthew Thornton House is a historic house and National Historic Landmark at 2 Thornton Street in Derry, New Hampshire. It was from 1740 to 1779 the home of Matthew Thornton, a signer of the USA Declaration of Independence.</p><br>
<p>The main block of the house has a roughly square footprint and has the classic New England saltbox shape. It is five bays wide and two deep, with a steeply-sloping leanto section to the north (rear). In the 19th century Greek Revival trim details were added, including wide pilasters at the corners, and a portico sheltering the front entry. The first-floor windows are topped by decorative cornices. A single-story ell projects from one side of the rear, giving the house an L shape; this wing was built to house more modern kitchen facilities and servants facilities. The interior plan of the main house is a typical center-hall plan, with four rooms on each floor. The houses chimneys were replaced in the 19th century with smaller ones. The house was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1971, and was listed on the National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<p>Matthew Thornton was born in Ireland, probably in 1714, and came to North America with his parents in 1718. He trained as a doctor, opening his practice in Derry in 1740. He entered New Hampshire provincial politics in 1758, serving in the assembly until 1775, when a provisional assembly took over governance. Thornton helped draft a new state constitution, and was elected to the Second Continental Congress in 1776. He served there for one year, signing the Declaration of Independence even though he did not take office until November 1776. In 1780 he moved to Merrimack, where he remained active in state politics. He died in 1803, and is buried in the Signer&#39;s Cemetery, near his Merrimack home; the cemetery and Merrimack house are also listed on the National Register.</p><br>
<p>The Warner House, also known as the MacPheadris–Warner House, is a historic house museum at 150 Daniel Street  in Portsmouth, New Hampshire, United States. Built 1716–1718, it is the oldest, urban brick house in northern New England, and is one of the finest early-Georgian brick houses in New England. It was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1960, and is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<p>The Warner House is a 2-1/2 story brick structure, with walls 15 in thick laid in Flemish bond. A belt course separates the two main floors, and the slightly overhanging cornice is studded with modillions. It now has a gambrel roof; this is a later modification to what was originally a pair of side gable pitches with a deep valley between them. At the break line in the gambrel there is a low balustrade. The cupola was listed in the original 1716 bill by John Drew, master-builder. The interior of the house follows a typical Georgian four-room plan, with an added kitchen wing in the rear. The walls of the central hall and stairway are decorated with four murals that are the oldest, extant Anglo-American wall murals in the country.</p><br>
<p>The house was built for Capt. Archibald Macpheadris, a Scots-Irish sea captain who settled in Portsmouth. He married Sarah Wentworth, daughter of John Wentworth (Lieutenant-Governor). Macpheadris died in 1729, and the house passed to his wife and children.</p><br>
<h2>The Governor's Mansion</h2><br>
<p>In 1737, Sarah Wentworth Macpheadris married George Jaffrey, a wealthy Portsmouth merchant and business associate of Archibald Macpheadris. Sarah and her 14-year-old daughter, Mary, moved to the Jaffrey Mansion, a few houses up Daniel Street. Sarahs brother Royal Governor Benning Wentworth of the Province of New Hampshire then occupied the Warner House for nearly 20 years and used it as the Governors Mansion. Eventually, Benning removed to his country estate in Little Harbor now known as the Wentworth-Coolidge Mansion. Reportedly, he left a few broken windows at the Warner House and never paid his sister rent.</p><br>
<h2>Family occupancy</h2><br>
<p>Macpheadris&#39;s only surviving child was Mary Macpheadris Osborne. In 1760, the recently widowed heiress married Jonathan Warner, a Portsmouth merchant and widower of her deceased cousin, Mary Nelson Warner. Jonathan Warner brought eleven-year-old daughter Mary "Polly" Warner, his only child, to live in the house. The house was remodeled to suit the fashionable tastes of Jonathan Warner. Until 1932, the house remained in the hands of Warner family descendants. From the 1880s until the late 1920s the descendants used the Warner House as a summer residence.</p><br>
<h2>Warner House Association</h2><br>
<p>When offered for sale in the early 1930s by descendents, the house was threatened with demolition when an oil company offered to buy the property to erect a gas station. A group of local early preservationists led by Edith Greenough Wendell set out to stop the destruction. In 1931, the Warner House Association was established, and during the Great Depression, the Association was able to accomplish an extraordinary feat and raise the necessary funds ($10,000) to purchase the house in March 1932. A few months later, the historic house museum opened with little to no furnishings. Over time, many of the original family furnishings have returned to the house. Although the early Association originally sought to interpret the property from the Macpheadris era to its original Georgian height (c. 1762), the modern Association details its earliest to its latest days of private ownership up to and including the early Association interpretation.</p><br>
<p>The Moffatt-Ladd House, also known as the William Whipple House, is a historic house museum and National Historic Landmark at 154 Market Street in Portsmouth, New Hampshire, United States. The 1763 Georgian house was the home of William Whipple , a signer of the Declaration of Independence and Revolutionary War general. The house is now owned by the National Society of Colonial Dames in New Hampshire, and is open to the public.</p><br>
<p>Among the contents are Whipple&#39;s sword and other personal items, along with a portrait of him. Outside is a horse chestnut tree that Whipple planted in 1776 with seeds that he brought back from Philadelphia. The house was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1968.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>The house is an imposing three-story wood frame structure, set on a rise overlooking the old part of Portsmouth Harbor. It is roughly square, measuring about 42 ft on each side, with a hip roof. The exterior is covered in wood clapboards, with quoins at the corners. There are three chimneys, located at the sides of the house. The main facade is five bays wide; its windows on the first two levels are topped by segmented arch pediments, while the third level windows, which are smaller, butt against the roof cornice in Federal style. The roof topped by a flat widow&#39;s walk surrounded by a low balustrade with urn finials. The urn finials also appear on the fence that sets the house off from the street. The property includes a small office building dating to 1810.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The house was built in 1763 by John Moffatt, one of the wealthiest men in colonial New Hampshire, and given to his son Samuel as a wedding present the following year. The elder Moffatt repurchased the house from his son in 1768, and lived there with his daughter Catherine and her husband, Wiliam Whipple, until his death in 1784. The property was entailed by Moffatt to Samuels descendants, who acquired control of the property after legal disputes in 1818. The house passed the following year to Maria Tufton Haven Ladd, one of Samuels granddaughters.</p><br>
<p>Maria Ladds son Alexander Hamilton Ladd occupied the house until his death in 1900, and was responsible for establishing the propertys fine gardens. His children donated the house to the National Society of Colonial Dames in New Hampshire in 1911.</p><br>
<p>The house was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1968, and listed on the National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<h2>Photo gallery</h2><br>
<p>The Wentworth-Gardner House is a historic late-Georgian house, located at 140 Mechanic Street in Portsmouth, New Hampshire. The house is operated as museum by the Wentworth-Gardner and Tobias Lear Houses Association, along with the adjacent Tobias Lear House. It is one of the finest extant examples of high-style Georgian architecture in New England, and played a role in the architectural preservation movement of the early 20th century. It was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1968.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The Wentworth-Gardner House is a 2-1/2 story wood frame house that was built in 1760 by Mark Hunking Wentworth, one of New Hampshire&#39;s wealthiest merchants and landowners, as a wedding present for his son Thomas. The exterior of its main facade is flushboarded with corner quoining, giving it the appearance of masonry construction. The side walls, and those of the rear ell, are clapboarded. The main facade is five bays wide, with its center entry framed by a Colonial Revival surround added during restoration in 1916-18 by Wallace Nutting. It has a hip roof, with a modillioned cornice. Three dormers pierce each of the front and rear elevations, with the central dormer featuring a segmented-arch pediment, while the flanking ones have triangular pediments.</p><br>
<p>A Salem shipmaster and merchant; the autobiography of George Nichols (1921) (14592810158).jpgCirca 1921</p><br>
<p>PortsmouthNH WentworthGardnerHouse.jpgThe house in 2013</p><br>
<p>The interior of the house follows a typical Georgian central-hall plan, with four rooms on each floor, two on either side of the central hall, all having access to one of the two interior chimneys. The hall is particular broad and elegant, featuring an elliptical arch with keystone, supported by Doric columns. The cornice is particularly elaborate, with modillions and egg-and-dart molding. The stairs rise on the left hand side, with an elaborate turned balusters, and panelled and scrolled step ends. The upper hall continues the rich decorative woodwork found in the lower hall, with Ionic pilasters and a molded architrave.</p><br>
<p>The southeast front parlor is the finest room in the house, with a fireplace surround highlighted by a full-height Corinthian pilasters and a wooden entablature. All of the downstairs rooms have detailed woodwork in the cornice, panelled folding shutters that can be recessed into deep window jambs, and tile surrounding the fireplace.</p><br>
<p>Wallace Nutting, an antiquarian, purchased the house in 1916, and undertook its restoration. In 1918 he sold it to the Metropolitan Museum of Art, which considered moving it to New York City for display, but this plan was eventually abandoned in favor of in situ preservation. The house was administered by the Society for the Preservation of New England Antiquities (SPNEA, now Historic New England) until it was turned over to the present owner in 1940.</p><br>
<p>The house was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1968.</p><br>
<h2>Museum</h2><br>
<p>Both this house and the Lear House are now normally open for tours Thursday-Monday between mid-June and mid-October; admission is charged. The Wentworth-Gardner House is available for wedding photography.</p><br>
<p>The Wentworth Lear Historic Houses  are a pair of adjacent historic houses at 50 Mechanic Street, on the south waterfront in Portsmouth, New Hampshire. Both buildings and an 18th-century warehouse are owned by the Wentworth Lear Historic Houses and are operated as a house museum. They are located at the corner of Mechanic and Gardner Streets. The two houses, built c. 1750-60, represent a study in contrast between high-style and vernacular Georgian styling. The Wentworth-Gardner House is a National Historic Landmark, and the houses are listed as the Wentworth-Gardner and Tobias Lear Houses on the National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<h2>Tobias Lear House</h2><br>
<p>The Tobias Lear House is a 2-1/2 story wood frame structure built c. 1750. It has claoboard siding, a hip roof with pedimented gable-roof dormers, and interior chimneys. Its main facade is three bays wide, with a central entry framed by pilasters and topped by a triangular pediment. The house has only modest woodwork detailing, both on its inside and outside.</p><br>
<p>The house was built by Tobias Lear, a merchant and ship&#39;s captain. His son, also named Tobias Lear, was private secretary to President George Washington, and hosted Washington in this house during his visit to Portsmouth in 1789. The house was sold out of the Lear family in 1861, and acquired in 1917 by architectural preservationist Wallace Nutting. It was later purchased by the Society for the Preservation of New England Antiquities (SPNEA, now Historic New England), who transferred it to its present owners in 1940.</p><br>
<h2>Wentworth-Gardner House</h2><br>
<p>In contrast to the Lear Houses modest styling, the Wentworth-Gardner House exemplifies high-style Georgian architecture, and is further notable for the role it played in the early years of the architectural preservation movement. This 2-1/2 story wood frame house was built in 1760 by Mark Hunking Wentworth, one of New Hampshires wealthiest merchants and landowners, as a wedding present for his son Thomas. The exterior of its main facade is flushboarded with corner quoining, giving it the appearance of masonry construction. The side walls, and those of the rear ell, are clapboarded. The main facade is five bays wide, with its center entry framed by a Colonial Revival surround added during restoration in 1916-18 by Wallace Nutting. It has a hip roof, with a modillioned cornice. Three dormers pierce each of the front and rear elevations, with the central dormer featuring a segmented-arch pediment, while the flanking ones have triangular pediments. The interior is richly decorated with woodwork, particularly in the central hall and the public rooms.</p><br>
<p>Wallace Nutting purchased the house in 1916, and undertook its restoration. In 1918 he sold it to the Metropolitan Museum of Art, which considered moving it to New York City for display, but this plan was abandoned in favor of in situ preservation. The house was administered by SPNEA until it was turned over to the present owner in 1940. The house was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1968.</p><br>
<h2>Museum</h2><br>
<p>The Wentworth Lear Historic Houses are open for tours Thursday-Monday between June and October; admission is charged, which includes both houses and the 18th-century warehouse. The museum is also available for wedding & special occasion photography.</p><br>
<p>Wainono Lagoon is a shallow lagoon in the southern Canterbury region of New Zealand&#39;s South Island. A number of rivers flow into the lagoon, including the Hook River from the north and the Waihao River from the south. Nearby settlements include Hook and Studholme, with the town of Waimate approximately eight kilometres west.</p><br>
<p>Although it is within metres of the Pacific Ocean, the Wainono Lagoon is fresh water and separated from the sea by a gravel berm. Tests have revealed that the level of the lagoon does not fluctuate with the tide and its level of salinity is low. Fresh water, however, seeps from the lagoon into the sea.</p><br>
<p>The Department of Conservation (DOC) has established the Wainono Lagoon Conservation Area to protect the natural environment of the lagoon. The Waitangi Tribunal in 1995 directed DOC to develop the lagoon as a traditional fishery resource with the Ngāi Tahu.</p><br>
<p>Orchardleigh  is a country estate in Somerset, approximately two miles north of Frome, and on the southern edge of the village of Lullington. The privately held estate comprises a Victorian country house, the Orchardleigh Lake with its island church, and an 18-hole golf course.</p><br>
<p>Orchardleigh is available for weddings and other events. Various accommodation is provided, both in the house itself and at adjacent lodges and cottages in the extensive grounds.</p><br>
<p>Within the old estate are the Orchardleigh Stones, a probable neolithic burial chamber which was excavated in 1803 and 1804, when human bones and cremation urns were discovered.</p><br>
<p>The Church of St Mary, Orchardlea, dates from the 13th century and is Grade I listed. The churchyard contains the grave of the poet Sir Henry Newbolt.</p><br>
<p>The parish was part of the hundred of Frome.</p><br>
<p>The old Orchardleigh House was just south of the church. Its heyday was the time of Sir Thomas Champneys, 1st Baronet, High Sheriff of Somerset in 1775, but all that remains of that period is the boathouse, rotunda, the Lullington gateway, and the Tudor lodges dating from the 1820s. The old house was demolished and the present one built in 1856 by Thomas Henry Wyatt for William Duckworth. The new house is described by Pevsner as "picturesque, irregular, and in a mixed Elizabethan style", and is a Grade II* listed building.</p><br>
<h2>The Duckworth family</h2><br>
<p>William Duckworth (1795-1876) bought the Orchardleigh Estate in 1855 and built the house in 1856. He was born in 1795 in Manchester. His father was George Duckworth who was lord of the manor in Over Darwen in the parish of Blackburn. When his father died in 1815 William and his brother Samuel inherited his estates. Samuel died in 1847 and as he was unmarried he also left his fortune to William. When William bought the Orchardleigh Estate in 1855 he was an extreme wealthy man and was therefore able to afford to afford the elegant house that still stands today.</p><br>
<p>In 1825 he married Hester Emily Philips who was the daughter of Robert Philips who owned an estate in Prestwich called “The Park”. The couple had four sons and one daughter. Their youngest son was Herbert who in 1867 married Julia Prinsep Jackson. They are both shown in the photo on the right shortly after their marriage. The photo was taken by Leslie Stephen the famous author and historian who at this time was a close personal friend of Herbert. They had become friends when they were students at Cambridge University ten years before. Tragically Herbert died in 1870 from appendicitis and Julia was left a widow with three young children. She later married Leslie Stephen in 1878 after his wife died. They had four more children one of whom was Virginia Woolf.</p><br>
<p>William died in 1876 and his son Reverend William Arthur Duckworth inherited the house. He was born in 1829 and was educated at Eton and then went to Cambridge University. In 1859 he married Edina Campbell who was the daughter of John Campbell, 1st Baron Campbell. The couple had five daughters and two sons. The eldest son Major Arthur Campbell Duckworth inherited the house when his father died in 1917. He married in 1897 Viola Davies-Evans who was the daughter of Colonel Herbert Davies-Evans.</p><br>
<p>The couple had three children one of whom was Sylvia Duckworth. In 1924 she married Major Horton Fawkes and the reception was held at Orchardleigh. The wedding which had over 600 guests was reported in numerous papers with photographs. One paper made the following comments.</p><br>
<p>When Arthur Campbell Duckworth died in 1948 his son Arthur Victor Duckworth inherited the property.</p><br>
<h2>After the Duckworths</h2><br>
<p>In 1986, Arthur Duckworth died, and Orchardleigh was soon sold. Work started on redevelopment, but in 1989 the developer’s loans were called in by the bank and work ceased for 13 years. In 2002, a new scheme was started to build the current hotels and golf courses.</p><br>
<p>The boathouse is included in the Heritage at Risk Register produced by English Heritage. The estate also contains a bridge incorporating a sluice, a semicircular bridge, a garden house, a keepers lodge and a stables and coachhouse, which all date from the same period as the main house and are also listed buildings.</p><br>
<p>Within the grounds, which were landscaped – possibly by Humphrey Repton – and are included in the Register of Parks and Gardens of Special Historic Interest in England, is the Wood Lodge Summerhouse.</p><br>
<p>The gardens and pleasure grounds are listed, Grade II*, on the Register of Historic Parks and Gardens of special historic interest in England.</p><br>
